莱尔《阿Q正传》译本中的解殖民策略

发布时间：2018-01-13 16:27

本文关键词：莱尔《阿Q正传》译本中的解殖民策略　出处：《湖南大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：后殖民研究是一个历史和全球视角的广泛文化研究，它将语言、历史、民族、政治、性别、文化关系等因素都纳入了研究范围之内。它批评了文化霸权，并提出了解殖民的概念。翻译在殖民和后殖民时期都扮演了重要角色。将后殖民理论引入翻译研究大大扩大了翻译研究的视野，，能更深刻审视翻译现象的本质特征。本文在对后殖民翻译研究和解殖民翻译策略进行了介绍以后，从后殖民翻译研究视角对美国译者威廉·莱尔在翻译《阿Q正传》的过程中所采取的解殖民策略进行了研究。研究表明，莱尔具有强烈的解殖民意图，其翻译策略是一种典型的解殖民策略。作者认为解殖民翻译策略是指在把弱势文化作品传播到强势文化时，有意识地提升弱势文化、抵抗文化霸权的翻译策略。其典型的特征是保留文化差异，反对文化同化或暴力改写。这样一来，弱势文化可以在国际文化舞台上发出自己的声音，使霸权文化的成员接触陌生文化，逐渐摆脱文化中心主义。解殖民翻译策略可以促进解殖民进程，以实现不同文化之间的自由平等交流。通过对莱尔《阿Q正传》英译本的分析发现，莱尔翻译策略的主要特征是语言上的归化和文化上的异化，而这正是解殖民策略的一种主要特征。他那通顺流畅的译文能使英语读者在愉快阅读的同时直接接触到中国文化的真面目，这对减少英语读者误解或误读中国文化具有积极意义。莱尔的这种策略和韦努蒂的异化策略虽然同属解殖民策略，二者却有着根本性的区别，其区别体现在题材的选择、忠实的对象、通顺的程度、译者的可见度和读者对象的确定等方面。在题材的选择上，莱尔翻译了在中国文化中深有影响力的鲁迅、老舍等名家的作品，韦努蒂则主张翻译在源语文化中处于边缘地位的作品，以对抗英语文化的主流标准；在忠实的对象上，莱尔力求忠实原文，韦努蒂则不求忠实原文而只求忠实地表现出文化差异；在通顺的程度上，莱尔追求译文流畅，韦努蒂则拒绝通顺，追求不连贯；在译者的可见度上，莱尔并不凸显自己，并常常思考倘若作者使用的语言是美国英语会怎么表达，韦努蒂则高调提出要凸显译者；在读者对象上，莱尔追求尽可能扩大读者群以便更多的英语读者接触中国文化，韦努蒂则认为好的翻译是少数化翻译，把目光投向受过良好教育的精英读者。作者认为，在目前全球化的大背景下，莱尔的策略能使翻译更有效也更忠实地传播异域文化，通过这种策略翻译出来的译文，不仅能使译文读者更易于并乐于接受异域文化，也能使源语文化更忠实地传播到目的语文化中去。从这种意义上说，莱尔的翻译实践为中国的文化输出提供了有益借鉴。作为文化传播的重要桥梁，文学翻译应该以符合目的语读者期待的语言形式尽可能忠实地传递源语文化。就中国文学名著英译而言，我们应充分借鉴莱尔采取的解殖民翻译策略，用通顺流畅的英语忠实地将中国文化展示给西方读者，让中国文化以一种更好的形式在国际文化舞台上发出自己的声音，以推进解殖民进程。
[Abstract]:Postcolonial studies is a historical and global perspective of extensive cultural studies, it will be language, history, nationality, gender, political, cultural relations and other factors are included in the study range. It criticized the cultural hegemony, and put forward the concept of translation. Colonial understanding plays an important role in the colonial and Post Colonial period the post colonial theory into translation studies has greatly broadened the horizon of translation studies, translation can more deeply examine the essence of the phenomenon. Then this paper introduces the characteristics of postcolonial translation studies and colonial translation strategies from the perspective of postcolonial translation studies to study the solutions of American colonial strategy adopted in the process of translation the translator William Lyle < Q Gump > was studied in this paper.
Research shows that, with strong public opinion figure Lyle de colonization, the translation strategies is a typical colonial strategy. The author thinks the solution solution of colonial translation strategy refers to the weak culture to the strong culture dissemination of works, consciously enhance the weak culture, resist cultural hegemony translation strategies. Its typical feature is to keep the culture the difference, opposed to cultural assimilation or violent rewriting. As a result, the weak culture can have a voice in the international cultural arena, members of the cultural hegemony unfamiliar culture, gradually get rid of cultural centralism. Decolonizing translation strategies can promote the process of decolonization, in order to achieve freedom and equality between different cultures through the analysis of English communication. < > and Lyle Ah Q found the main features of the translation strategies of foreignization and domestication is Blair on language and culture, which is the solution of colonial strategy is one of the main features His fluent and fluent translation can make English readers directly contact with the true colors of Chinese culture while enjoying reading, which is of positive significance to reduce the misunderstanding or misreading of Chinese culture.
The foreignization strategy and Venuti Lyle. Although both belong to the decolonization strategy, the two had a fundamental difference, the difference lies in the choice of subject matter, faithful object, smooth degree, etc. to determine the translator's visibility and readers. In the selection of subjects, Lyle translated the influential in Chinese culture deep Lu Xun, Lao She and other famous works, Venuti advocated the translation on the edge of the source language culture in the works, with the mainstream standard against English culture; in the faithful object, faithfulness to the original Venuti Lyle, not for the faithful to the original and only faithfully show cultural differences in fluent; the extent of Lyle's pursuit of the smooth, Venuti refused to smooth, not in pursuit of coherence; the translator's visibility, Lyle does not highlight themselves, and often think if the author language is beautiful Our English will be how to express it, Venuti is a high-profile proposed to highlight the translator; in the readers, Lyle pursuit of as much as possible to enlarge readers to more English readers to contact Chinese culture, Venuti believes that a good translation is a translation, eyeing the educated elite readers.
The author believes that in the current context of globalization, Lyle's strategies can make more effective translation more faithful spread of exotic culture, by this strategy the translation version, not only can make the readers more easily and are willing to accept foreign culture, also can make the source culture more faithfully propagated to the target language culture. In this sense, Lyell's translation practice provides a useful reference for Chinese cultural output. As an important bridge of cultural transmission, literary translation should be in line with the language form of expectations of target readers as much as possible to faithfully transmit the source language culture. Translation Chinese literary masterpiece, we should make full use of Colonial translation strategies take the solution of Lyle faithfully, China culture to Western readers with fluent English, let Chinese culture in a better way to make their sound culture in the international arena Sound to advance the settlement of the colonial process.

【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：H315.9;I046

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