文学与人类学——知识全球化时代的文学研究

发布时间：2018-02-11 23:33

本文关键词： 知识全球化文学人类学文化诗学理论建构　出处：《四川大学》2003年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 跨学科研究是20世纪国际比较文学乃至整个人文社会科学研究中发展迅猛而成就巨大的领域。本文从文学与人类学两大学科的相关与互动着眼，是国内国外第一部系统地专门研讨文学与人类学的跨学科关系的理论专题著述。由于涉及面广，需要的资料范围大，本选题具有较高难度和开拓性意义。它的提出和完成对于文学研究如何解决“学科危机”，如何适应知识全球化的需求而展开自身的知识创新，具有及时的借鉴意义。对于方兴未艾的中国文学人类学研究潮流具有承前启后的理论指导意义。本文把握住人类学与知识全球化、后现代认识论的关系，从人类学与文学的相互作用这个新角度着眼，透析出20世纪文学创作观念变革与文学研究的范式革新的一个重要学术思想动力。在文学创作方面，梳理了“文化他者”的发现如何激发出“人类学想象”，体现在从超现实主义到魔幻现实主义的整个20世纪文学发展之中；在文学理论批评方面，梳理出西方文学人类学的5大方法流派，逐一加以辨析；以及“文化”概念对人文社会科学的再整合作用；并对其代表人物弗莱的理论遗产进行全面剖析；对人类学知识与文学研究的最佳结合点——神话学做了点面结合的示范性阐说；结合神话学传播中国的过程，论述和总结文学人类学研究的中国本土化实践经验，特别是“三重证据法”的提出，为文学人类学的理论建构和研究的拓展提供了前瞻性的见解。本文的学术价值主要体现于以下三个方面： 1．文学人类学研究在我国新时期以来已有近20年的发展，其对文学研究观念与范式革新的积极促进作用是有目共睹的。有专家学者甚至认为它将代表比较文学中国学派的一个方向。但迄今还没有全面系统的理论总结性论述。本文填补这一空缺，从史论结合、中外结合的角度梳理文学与人类学的关系，为跨学科研究的发展提出具有知识创新意义的理论方案和操作策略(包括个案分析演示)，，对于这一方面的教学和研究将发挥指导和借鉴作用。 2.从人类文学经验整合与世界公民培养方面，提出对文学的人类学价值的重估。对20世纪后期日益明显的重要学术趋势—从学科界限分明的文学研究发展为破学科的文化研究，做出学理性阐释，从知识全球化的大背景上说明:文化研究是适应知识重新整合的时代需求的必然现象。这对于解决长期困扰学界的争议，以及回应各种“文学危机论”和比较文学学科危论，有直接的理论贡献。 3.本文的资料准备历时十余年，为从整体上把握文学人类学的发展，作者先后到英、美、加、澳的各大图书馆收集到的大量英文新资料。书中引用和参考的近百种西文和日文文献中绝大部分没有中译本(文)，其中不少都是由笔者首次引入汉语学术界的，对于沟通中外学术思想，让我国的文学人类学研究同国际学术潮流对话与接轨，提升人文研究的视野和水准，具有一定的积极作用。本文的现实意义在于，从宏观上，为引导文学人类学的教学与研究，提供迄今最翔实的理论参照;从微观上，对如何具体掌握和应用文学人类学研究范式与方法，具有示范作用。本文第一章以单篇论文发表后，先后有《光明日报》《文汇报》《文艺报》《文学报》等多家学术媒体摘转或报道，收入北京大学出版社出版的《全球化与文化:西方与中国》一书，并获《文学评论》2002年度杰出论文提名。本文第二章，第六章2节，第八章3节以单篇发表后分别被((中国社会科学文摘》 2002年2一期、4期、6期转载，表明其中的学术创新观点己经在学界引起重要关注和反响，这是本文现实意义和社会效益的直接体现。
[Abstract]:Interdisciplinary research is the rapid development and great achievements in the field of the twentieth Century international comparison literature and the humanities and social science research. In this paper, the correlation and interaction between literature and anthropology two disciplines focus, interdisciplinary relations theory of special research literature and anthropology system at home and abroad the first works. Because of involving a wide range of needs the range of the data, this topic has a high degree of difficulty and pioneering significance. It proposed and completed the research literature on how to solve the "academic crisis", and launched its own knowledge innovation knowledge how to adapt to the demand of globalization, has timely significance. Is an important theoretical significance for the research of literary anthropology Chinese just unfolding trend.
In this paper, grasp the relationship between anthropology and globalization, Postmodern Epistemology, from the perspective of the interaction of Anthropology and literature in this new perspective, dialysis a important academic thought of dynamic paradigm innovation ideas of literary creation and literary revolution in twentieth Century. The research in the literature, combing the "cultural other" discovered how to inspire "anthropological imagination", embodied in the surrealism to the twentieth Century literature development; in the aspect of literature theory criticism, out of the 5 schools of thought method of western literary anthropology, analyzes one by one; and "the integration of culture" concept of Humanities and Social Sciences; and the representative of Frye the theory of heritage and conduct a comprehensive analysis of the best combination of knowledge; anthropology and literary studies: the combining point of demonstration and explaining mythology; Combined with the spread process of mythology in China, this paper discusses and summarizes the practice experience of Chinese localization in the field of literary anthropology, especially the proposal of "the three evidence law", which provides a forward-looking view for the theoretical construction and research expansion of literary anthropology.
The academic value of this article is mainly reflected in the following three aspects:
1. in literature anthropology in the new period of China has nearly 20 years of development, the concept of literary study and innovation of paradigm's active role is obvious to people. Some experts even believe it will represent a direction of comparative literature China school. But there is still no comprehensive and systematic theoretical summary of the discussion.
In order to fill this vacancy, the relationship between literature and anthropology is combed from the perspective of the combination of historical theories and the combination of Chinese and foreign.
The development of interdisciplinary research puts forward theoretical and operational strategies with the significance of knowledge innovation (including case points)
It will play a guiding and reference role in the teaching and research of this aspect.
2. from the integration of human literature experience and the cultivation of world citizens, the anthropological value of literature is put forward.
Revaluation. An increasingly obvious academic trend in the late twentieth Century - literature from the boundaries of the subject
The study develops into a cultural study of a broken subject, and makes a rational interpretation of it. It is said from the background of knowledge globalization.
Ming: cultural research is an inevitable phenomenon to meet the needs of the era of reintegration of knowledge. This is to solve the long-term difficulties.
The disputes in the perturbed circle, and in response to various literary crisis theories and the critical theory of comparative literature, are direct
Theoretical contribution.
3. the data in this paper have been prepared for more than ten years for the overall grasp of the development of literary anthropology.
A large number of new English materials collected by the major libraries in Britain, the United States, Canada and Australia.
Most of the nearly 100 kinds of Western and Japanese literature refer to none of the Chinese versions.
For the first time, the author introduced Chinese academic circles to communicate Chinese and foreign academic ideas and study the literary anthropology in China.
The dialogue and integration with international academic trends and the promotion of the vision and level of humanistic research are positive.
Effect.
The practical significance of this article is, from the macro perspective, to guide the teaching and research of literary anthropology.
The most accurate theoretical reference so far; from the microcosmic point of view, how to master and apply the research model of Literary Anthropology
The formula and method have an exemplary role.
The first chapter in the papers published, there have been "Guangming Daily" "literary newspaper Wen Wei Po > >
A number of academic media, such as "literature Newspaper >" and other academic media, have been transferred or reported, and the "globalization" published by the Peking University press
And culture: the book of the West and China, and the nomination of the outstanding papers of the literary review >2002.
The second chapter, the sixth chapter 2 section, eighth section of the 3 chapter to single published respectively by China ((Social Science Digest.
The 2, 4, and 6 reprints of the 2002 show that the academic innovation has been important in the academic world.
Attention and repercussion, this is the direct embodiment of the realistic meaning and social benefit of this article.

【学位授予单位】：四川大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：I0-05

【引证文献】