许渊冲文学诗歌翻译理论研究

发布时间：2018-04-19 21:15

本文选题：许渊冲 + 文学　；参考：《华东师范大学》2004年硕士论文

【摘要】：许渊冲是中国现当代翻译家中的杰出代表，他翻译了大量的中国古代诗歌作品，为传播中国文化，提高中国文学在世界范围内的地位做出了巨大的贡献。许先生的翻译理论建立在文学翻译的实践基础之上，一方面继承了中国传统翻译思想中的美学观念和艺术追求，，提出了三美，三似，三化和三之理论，同时提出了三势论和文化竞赛论等理论。新的理论创新强调了译文超越原文的可能性和必然性。作为一个专业译者，许氏理论强调的是译者的自觉意识和创作权利，这和以“信”为本，强调译者义务的主流翻译理论构成了不同意见，但是随着翻译学科作为一门独立学科的轮廓日渐清晰，学科的自身壮大和译者地位的日渐提高，关注译者和译本以及译文读者在翻译过程中所起到的积极作用和巨大影响成为翻译理论研究的大势所趋，因为译者不仅仅有忠实于原作的义务也有自身的创作权利。这是许氏翻译思想的形成基础，他代表了翻译工作者对于翻译过程中表达自由和创作权利的追求，反映了翻译理论中的理想化标准在文学诗歌翻译中难以实现，所以对于许渊冲的理论思想和理论体系的研究为我们进一步研究译者的创作权利以及翻译学科的独立性提供了具体的案例，是一个有益翻译学科发展的课题。本文对许先生的理论进行了系统的总结，并提出从新的更为宏观的角度来看待许氏理论在历史和文化中发挥的作用。许先生的大量翻译是在八十年代中国文化热的时代要求下完成的，作为一个非母语译者他既具备作为一个原文母语者在理解过程中的优势又面临着作为一个非母语译者在译语表达中的弱势地位，如何解决这样的矛盾以及面对对中国文化不甚了解的译语读者如何引起他们的接受兴趣，保留原语作品独特的“异国风情”和“原汁原味”，许先生的翻译思想和理论体系为我们进行了合理和大胆的解释，同时为我们提供了宝贵的实践经验和技巧。在总结和分析的基础上本文提出了许渊冲翻译思想理论的特色，在文学诗歌翻译的实践范围内，译者对译本和译文读者发挥着积极的作用，这种作用可以大于原文自身价值对译文和译文读者的期望和影响而成为决定性的力量。所以翻译的难题就不再限制于译者的立场和态度，翻译标准的争论也不是最为重要的，重要的是译者如何将原文的优势和弱势全部向有利于译文和译文读者的方向转化以及这一过程中译者的转化技巧和创作经验。最后本文结合许先生汉译外的实践，提出汉语的语言特殊性不适合套用西方的理论体系，否则很难解决汉译外过程中的一些具体问题，使得两种语言之间的差异难以向有利于译文和译语读者的方向转化，成为阻碍译文被译语读者接受的弱势因素。所以我们要有选择地对待西方译论体系，建立符合汉译外特色的翻译理论体系。
[Abstract]:Xu Yuanchong is an outstanding representative of modern and contemporary Chinese translators. He has translated a large number of ancient Chinese poetry works and made great contributions to spreading Chinese culture and improving the status of Chinese literature in the world. Xu's translation theory is based on the practice of literary translation. On the one hand, he inherits the aesthetic concepts and artistic pursuits in Chinese traditional translation thoughts, and puts forward the theories of "three beauties", "three similarities", "three changes" and "three things". At the same time, the theory of "three potentials" and "cultural competition" are put forward. The new theoretical innovation emphasizes the possibility and inevitability of the translation surpassing the original text. As a professional translator, Xu's theory emphasizes the translator's consciousness and right of creation, which is different from the mainstream translation theory, which is based on "trust" and emphasizes the translator's obligation. However, as the outline of translation as an independent discipline becomes clearer, the subject itself grows stronger and the status of translator increases. Paying attention to the positive role and great influence of the translator and the target text in the process of translation has become the trend of translation theory research because the translator has not only the obligation to be faithful to the original work but also the right to create his own. This is the foundation of Xu's translation thought. He represents the translator's pursuit of freedom of expression and right of creation in the process of translation, and reflects that the idealized criteria in translation theory are difficult to realize in literary poetry translation. Therefore, the study of Xu Yuanchong's theoretical thoughts and theoretical system provides a concrete case for us to further study the translator's creative rights and the independence of the translation discipline, which is a beneficial subject for the development of the translation discipline. This paper makes a systematic summary of Mr. Xu's theory and puts forward a new and more macroscopic view of the role of Xu's theory in history and culture. A large number of Mr. Xu's translations were completed at the request of the era of Chinese cultural fever in the 1980s. As a non-native translator, he not only has the advantage of being a native speaker in the process of understanding, but also faces the disadvantage of being a non-native language translator in the target language expression. How to solve this contradiction and how the readers of the target language who have little knowledge of Chinese culture can arouse their interest, and retain the unique "exotic customs" and "original taste" of the original works. Mr. Xu's translation thoughts and theoretical system provide us with reasonable and bold explanations, as well as valuable practical experience and skills. On the basis of summing up and analyzing, this paper puts forward the characteristics of Xu Yuanchong's translation theory. In the practical scope of literary and poetic translation, the translator plays an active role in the translation and the readers of the translation. This effect can be more decisive than the value of the original text itself to the target text and its readers. Therefore, the translation problem is no longer limited to the translator's position and attitude, and the debate on translation criteria is not the most important. It is important for the translator to turn the strengths and weaknesses of the original text into one that is beneficial to the target text and its readers, as well as the translation skills and creative experience of the translator in the process. Finally, based on the practice of Xu's translation from Chinese to Chinese, the author points out that the particularity of Chinese language is not suitable for applying the western theoretical system, otherwise it is difficult to solve some specific problems in the process of translation from Chinese to Chinese. The difference between the two languages is difficult to translate to the target text and the target language readers, and it becomes a weak factor that hinders the target text being accepted by the target language reader. Therefore, we should treat the western translation theory system selectively and establish a translation theory system that conforms to the characteristics of translation from Chinese to Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：I046

【引证文献】