试论文学翻译批评模式

发布时间：2018-05-11 19:13

本文选题：翻译批评 + 阐释学　；参考：《华中师范大学》2003年硕士论文

【摘要】： 翻译批评是整个翻译活动中必不可少的一项工作，对翻译事业的发展和翻译水平的提高起着重要的作用。本文通过对当前三种主要批评模式的分析，以现代阐释学理论为视角，探讨了翻译批评活动的特点以及探索符合其特点的新模式的必要性。本文首先对我国当前的翻译批评情况进行了概括和分析，指出我国当前的翻译批评工作，特别是文学翻译批评工作，无论是从理论体系的建构，还是从实践方面的成绩来看都不尽如人意，，其主要体现在于批评作品数量上偏少和质量不高两个方面。本文接着分析了造成这一现状的原因，认为除了人们观念上的不重视以及对“批评”一词的误解等原因之外，最主要的原因在于翻译批评仍未能摆脱传统翻译标准，特别是“忠实”标准的影响，缺乏适合自身特点的可操作性强的标准。本文随后分析了这一影响在翻译批评中的体现，指出受认识论哲学的影响，人们的思维方式仍存在一种单向度、简单化的倾向，认为有一个理想化的译本存在，并在翻译实践中对此孜孜以求，传统翻译标准则是这种追求的产物。这种倾向体现在翻译批评中则出现了三种主要的批评模式：以作者为中心的传统批评模式、以文本为中心的等值论批评模式以及以读者为中心的读者反应批评模式。文章着重分析了这三种模式的特点，指出其共同的诟病在于割裂了作者——文本——读者(译者)这一环节诸要素之间的联系，从而把翻译批评变成某一方的“独白”。本文特别分析了当前翻译批评实践中广为采用的等值论批评模式，并指出其核心——文本中心论中所存在的不足及其对翻译批评的影响。在全面剖析了以上三种模式的特点和不足之后，本文以现代阐释学理论为切入点，分析了其对翻译批评的借鉴意义。现代阐释学理论颠覆了认识论哲学的许多观点，使人们重新认识翻译的本质。依据这一理论，语言符号和外部世界客体之间并不存在人们一直认为的那种精确的一一对应关系，文学语言尤其具有模糊性和多义性。因此，文本不可能是作者原意的“忠实”反映。同时， fbeed＼硕士学位论文＠M－ASTER’S THESIS 文本的意义是一种动态生成物，诞生于读者的解读过程，并非确定不变的，而是存在有“空白”和“不定点”。翻译实际上是一个译者通过文本与作者进行对话的过程，而翻译批评则是多个对话过程的综合，是一个多向度的对话。基于以上分析，本文认为当前所采用的“独白型”的批评模式显然不符合翻译批评的这一本质特点。因此，翻译批评必须摆脱传统翻译标准的影响并积极探索符合自身特点的新批评模式。在全面进行了以上分析后，本文提出了翻译批评应该兼顾的几个层面，并简要回顾了国内翻译界在翻译新标准上所作的有益探索，指明其对翻译批评的重要借鉴意义。本文认为即使这些标准不能广为人接受并在批评实践中加以验证，至少它们在某种程度上摆脱了传统翻译标准的影响，并且更接近翻译批评的实质。因此这些探索对翻译批评的进一步发展无疑有着重要的意义。基于以上分析，本文最后认为，翻译界应给予翻译批评更多的关注，使之尽早摆脱传统翻译标准的影响，并在批评标准等问题上进行更多的探索，寻找符合翻译批评自身特点的新模式，以促进整个翻译事业的更大的发展。
[Abstract]:Translation criticism is an essential work in the whole translation activities, and plays an important role in the development of translation career and the improvement of the level of translation. Through the analysis of the three main modes of criticism, this paper explores the characteristics of translation criticism and the new mode of exploring the characteristics of translation criticism, from the perspective of modern hermeneutics. The necessity.
This article first summarizes and analyzes the current situation of translation criticism in China, and points out that the current translation criticism, especially the literary translation criticism, is not satisfactory either from the construction of the theoretical system or from the achievements in practice, which is mainly reflected in the small number of critical works and the poor quality of the works. Two aspects. This paper then analyzes the reasons for the present situation, and the main reason is that the translation criticism is still unable to get rid of the traditional translation standards, especially the influence of the "faithful" standard, and the lack of the maneuverability suitable for its own characteristics, in addition to the people's lack of attention and the misunderstanding of the word "criticism". A strong standard.
This paper then analyzes the embodiment of this effect in translation criticism, and points out that, influenced by the epistemological philosophy, there is still a tendency of unidirectional and simplistic thinking in the way of thinking, that there is an idealized version of the translation, and to seek it in the practice of translation, and that the standard of traditional translation is the product of this pursuit. There are three main modes of criticism embodied in Translation Criticism: the author centered traditional criticism model, the text centered equivalence theory and the reader centered reader response criticism model. The article focuses on the analysis of the characteristics of the three patterns, pointing out that the common criticism is that the author is divided. The text, the link between the elements of the reader (translator), turns translation criticism into a "monologue" of a certain party. This paper especially analyzes the theory of equivalence theory widely used in the current translation criticism practice, and points out its core, the deficiency in the text centrism and its influence on translation criticism.
After a comprehensive analysis of the characteristics and shortcomings of the above three patterns, this paper, taking the modern hermeneutics as the breakthrough point, analyzes its reference to translation criticism. The Modern Hermeneutics theory subverts many viewpoints of epistemological philosophy and makes people reunderstand the essence of translation. According to this theory, language symbols and external world objects. There is no accurate one-to-one correspondence between what people have always thought, and the literary language is especially ambiguous and polysemous. Therefore, the text can not be a "faithful" reflection of the original intention of the author.
Fbeed / Master's degree thesis
S THESIS
The meaning of text is a dynamic product, which is born in the process of reader's interpretation, and is not fixed.
There exists "blank" and "unfixed point". Translation is actually a translator through text and author.
The process of dialogue, while translation criticism is the synthesis of multiple dialogues, and is a multidimensional dialogue.
Based on the above analysis, this paper argues that the current "monologue" criticism mode is obviously not consistent with the translation batch.
Therefore, translation criticism must get rid of the influence of traditional translation criteria and actively explore it.
A new model of criticism that conforms to its own characteristics.
After carrying out the above analysis, this paper puts forward several aspects that should be taken into consideration in translation criticism.
This paper briefly reviews the beneficial exploration made by the domestic translation community in the new translation criteria, and points out its importance to translation criticism.
This article holds that even though these criteria can not be widely accepted and tested in critical practice,
To a certain extent, they are free from the influence of traditional translation criteria and are closer to translation criticism.
Therefore, these explorations are undoubtedly of great significance to the further development of translation criticism.
Based on the above analysis, the paper concludes that the translation community should pay more attention to translation criticism.
We should get rid of the influence of traditional translation standards as soon as possible, and explore more about the criteria of criticism.
The new model accords with the characteristics of translation criticism, so as to promote the further development of the whole translation cause.

【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：I046

【参考文献】