审美态度论

发布时间：2018-06-01 23:15

本文选题：审美态度 + 审美无利害关系　；参考：《曲阜师范大学》2003年硕士论文

【摘要】： 审美态度在美学和文艺创作及欣赏活动中起着十分关键的作用，不仅如此，在一个社会中，人们的审美态度状况如何，可直接显示出这个社会整体的文化、艺术素质的高低，，甚至可以间接地反映出整个社会成员的人生价值观、精神风貌等。因此，对于审美态度的研究有着十分深远的意义。反观我国审美态度的研究现状，我们就会发现在在美学领域内存在着对于中国审美态度理论不够重视和对审美态度本身研究不足两个问题：一方面，只要论及审美态度，我们一般只是从西方传统美学及现代美学中有关审美态度的理论中归纳出一些共性的东西，却忽略了对于中国丰富的传统审美态度理论的挖掘；另一方面，相比态度曾数次成为社会心理学研究的重点课题而言，审美态度作为一个心理范畴却一直没有成为审美心理学研究的热点。基于上述思考，本文拟就首先对审美态度理论进行历史回顾，以期能在中西审美态度理论的对照中寻找两者的相通之处，然后回到审美态度本身对其作条分缕析的论述，以探索审美态度的内部规律和外部规律。一、审美态度理论的历史考辨关于中西审美态度理论的历史回顾以及对审美无利害关系的辨析。中国审美态度理论成形很早。我们在文中列举论述了先秦老庄美学中的三个命题：“涤除玄鉴”、“身与物化”及“以天合天”。“涤除玄鉴”命题从审美注意的角度对审美态度作了分析；“身与物化”则从审美移情的角度讨论了审美态度；“以天合天”也与审美态度有关，它强调的是在创造过程中主客体之间要保持一定的心理距离。中国古代审美态度理论不仅在文艺创作领域产生了影响，而且有偏于人生态度的价值内涵。西方审美态度理论近代之后才成熟起来。与中国古代审美态度理论遥相呼应，我们在文中列举论述的西方当代审美态度理论中的三种学说是：斯托尔尼兹和维瓦斯的注意说，立普斯的移情说和布洛的。。理距离说。西方当代审美态度理论不仅体现了近代西方美学研究重点从客体转向主体的趋势，而且把审美主体在审美关系中的地位绝对化了。无论是注意说、移情说还是距离说，都是以“无利害关系”作为其最根本的特性，“审美无利关系”在审美态度理论中占有核。C地位。其实，在无关功利之下隐蔽着不以个人的利益为转移的更为广泛和深刻的社会意义和社会内客，它以潜移默化的方式表现于个人的审美心理之中。围此，审美态度的功辛IJ性是间接的；又是影响深远的。二、审美态度内部规律的探析审美态度的性质和结构，功能和流程及其历史生成和现实发生。．审美态度是一种既不同于实用态度又不同于科学态度的专为审美服务的特殊的心理态度。它不仅作为一种心理准备在审美发生之前就存在于主体的心理之中，而且作为一种特殊的审美。。理机制会贯穿于整个审美。C理过程的始终。通过探讨审美注意在整个审美。C理过程中的分配来说明审美态度的上述性质。审美态度是一种立体、动态和多层面的复合心理结构，由外及里分别是注意层、时空层和人格层。审美态度的心理功能是与其结构紧密相联的，深层的审美人格倾向决定着审美动机，表层的审美情境注意左右着审美定向，中层的审美。。理时空执行着整合的任务。所以，审美态度具有三种功能：动机功能、定向功能和整合功能。对应于审美心理过程的审美期待、审美展开和审美弥散三个阶段，我们把审美态度的心理流程划分为初始阶段、展开阶段和效应阶段。随着审美心理过程的结束，审美态度也完成了自己的使命而返回到日常的态度。审美态度作为人类一种最基本的审美心理结构，必然是由动物的 ·二理发展演变而来的，本文分述了审美态度诸层心理结构的具体生成。 2 审美态度的发生与人的发育成长是同步的，儿童的心理发展分为婴幼儿期、儿童期和青春期，本文则相应把审美态度的发展过程也划分为了三个阶段：天生的审美潜能、不自觉的审美态度和自觉的审美态度。三、审美态度外部规律的求索审美态度的外部体现，心理调查的内客及其与人的全面发展。我们从共性与个性两个方面来分述审美态度的外部体现：一方面，审美态度会体现一定的时代性、民族性和除级性；另一方面，审美态度在每一个体身上呈现出差异性，根据审美。。理因素我山’fi巴个体的审美态度划分为四种类型：感知型、想象型、情感型和理解型，这种划分是相对的。对审美态度调
[Abstract]:Aesthetic attitude plays a key role in aesthetics and literary and artistic creation and appreciation activities. Not only so, in a society, how the people's aesthetic attitude can directly show the whole culture of the society, the quality of the art, and even indirectly reflect the values of the whole society and the spirit and features of the whole society. Therefore, the study of aesthetic attitude is of profound significance. In contrast to the current research status of aesthetic attitude in China, we will find that there are two problems in the field of aesthetics in the field of aesthetic attitude and the lack of research on the aesthetic attitude itself: one side, as long as we discuss the aesthetic attitude, we are generally only from the perspective of aesthetic attitude. Some common things are summed up in the theory of aesthetic attitude in western traditional aesthetics and modern aesthetics, but it ignores the excavation of rich traditional aesthetic attitude theory in China. On the other hand, the attitude of aesthetic attitude has never been a psychological category but has been a key topic in social psychology several times. On the basis of the above thinking, this paper makes a historical review of the theory of aesthetic attitude, with a view to finding out the similarities between the Chinese and Western aesthetic attitude theory, and then returning to the aesthetic attitude itself, in order to explore the internal law and exterior of the aesthetic attitude. Law.
First, the historical examination of the theory of aesthetic attitude
A historical review of the Chinese and Western aesthetic attitude theory and the analysis of the aesthetic interest.
The theory of Chinese aesthetic attitude has been formed very early. In this article, we enumerate three propositions in the aesthetics of Lao Zhuang in the pre-Qin period: "to eliminate the mystery", "body and materialization" and "to heaven in heaven", and to analyze the aesthetic attitude from the angle of aesthetic attention. "Body and materialization" are discussed from the angle of aesthetic empathy. The aesthetic attitude and the "heaven in heaven" are also related to the aesthetic attitude, which emphasizes the need to maintain a certain psychological distance between the object and the object in the process of creation. The ancient Chinese aesthetic attitude theory not only has an influence on the field of literary and artistic creation, but also is partial to the value of the attitude of life.
The western aesthetic attitude theory just matured after modern times.
The three kinds of western contemporary aesthetic attitude theories are enumerated in the article.
The theory is: the attention of staelni and Wei Si said that the theory of empathy and the Bros.
The western contemporary aesthetic attitude theory not only embodies the focus of modern western aesthetics research.
From the object to the main trend, and the absolute position of the aesthetic subject in the aesthetic relationship.
Now.
Whether attention is paid to empathy or distance, it is a matter of "no interest".
The most fundamental characteristic is the "aesthetic interest free relationship", which occupies a nuclear.C status in the aesthetic attitude theory.
In fact, under the irrelevant utilitarianism, it is more extensive and deeper than personal interests.
The social meaning of the inscribed and the customer in the society are embodied in the aesthetic sense of the individual in a subtle way.
In this sense, the IJ of aesthetic attitude is indirect and far-reaching.
Two, the analysis of the internal law of the aesthetic attitude
The nature and structure, function and process of aesthetic attitude and its historical generation and reality.
Aesthetic attitude is a kind of aesthetic appreciation which is different from practical attitude and different from scientific attitude.
The special psychological attitude of service. It not only serves as a psychological preparation before the occurrence of aesthetics.
It exists in the mind of the subject, and as a special aesthetic mechanism, the mechanism will run through.
The whole process of aesthetic.C is always discussed through the discussion of aesthetic attention in the whole process of aesthetic.C.
The distribution is to illustrate the above nature of aesthetic attitude.
The complex psychological structure at the level is the attention layer, the space-time layer and the personality layer respectively.
The psychological function of aesthetic attitude is closely related to its structure, and the deep aesthetic personality is inclined.
To determine the aesthetic motivation, the surface aesthetic situation pays attention to the aesthetic orientation and the middle level trial.
The aesthetic attitude has three functions: motivation.
Function, orientation function and integration function. It corresponds to the aesthetic expectation of aesthetic psychological process.
In the three stages of development and aesthetic dispersion, we divided the psychological process of aesthetic attitude into the initial stage.
With the end of the aesthetic psychological process, the aesthetic attitude is over.
It has become a mission to return to the daily attitude.
As the most basic aesthetic psychological structure of human beings, aesthetic attitude is inevitably caused by animals.
Two. The development of this theory has been divided into three parts: the concrete formation of the psychological structure of various levels of aesthetic attitude.
Two
The occurrence of aesthetic attitude is synchronous with human growth and development. Children's psychological development is divided into infants and young children.
In the period of childhood, adolescence and adolescence, the development of aesthetic attitude is also divided into three parts.
There are three stages: the inherent aesthetic potential, the unaware aesthetic attitude and the conscious aesthetic attitude.
Three, the seeking of the external law of the aesthetic attitude
The external embodiment of the aesthetic attitude, the inner customers of psychological investigation and their all-round development.
From the two aspects of generality and individuality, we divide the external embodiment of aesthetic attitude: on the one hand,
The aesthetic attitude will embody certain times, nationality and de grading; on the other hand, the aesthetic state.
The degree is different in every individual. According to the aesthetic factors, the fi bar in our mountain is examined by individuals.
There are four types of American attitudes: perception, imagination, emotion and understanding.
The points are relative.
On the adjustment of aesthetic attitude
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：I01

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