“人品诉诸”修辞批评的模式建构与应用

发布时间：2018-01-01 14:43

本文关键词：“人品诉诸”修辞批评的模式建构与应用　出处：《苏州大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：“人品诉诸”是西方古典修辞学的一个核心概念,也是亚里士多德提出的三种说服方式之一(其它两种为“理性诉诸”和“情感诉诸”)。而修辞批评是以评价修辞策略为目的,对象征行为进行系统分析的方法,这一领域在当代修辞学研究中发展迅速。尽管国内外学者已对“人品诉诸”的修辞批评有所探索,但许多研究是以“人品诉诸”的宽泛内涵为基础,因而往往导致阐释模糊或含混。本文旨在建构一个既有解释力又具可操作性的“人品诉诸”层级系统,以更好地服务于修辞批评和修辞实践。本研究的主要理论依据是亚里士多德的“人品诉诸”理论和该概念在当代研究中的发展。研究的重点是“人品诉诸”新层级系统的建构和对其可行性的验证与阐释;难点是要解决亚氏“人品诉诸”中“明智”、“美德”和“善意”三要素的所指模糊性问题。本文将通过系统梳理当代修辞学者的主要相关研究成果,从中为每一要素提炼出数个基本成分,以明确亚氏三要素的主要内涵。为实现这一研究目标,文章将重新审视亚里士多德《修辞学》的相关章节,深入研究古今修辞学者对“人品诉诸”的阐释,并选取三种文类(广告、前言和演说辞)中的六个语篇进行应用分析,以验证该“人品诉诸”层级模式的可行性。通过采用质的研究方法和目的性抽样原则,本研究得出了以下主要结论:第一,“人品诉诸”新模式所选取的要素和下属成分包含了几乎所有重要的人品因素,即“明智”要素下提炼有“见识”、“专长”和“权威”;“美德”下有“公正”、“诚实”和“庄重”;“善意”下有“理解”、“同情”和“回应”;第二,新模式中各成分间的模糊性明显得以减少,因而,以此模式进行“人品诉诸”的修辞批评更具有可操作性和阐释力;第三,通过语篇分析我们发现该模式中的某些成分比其它成分运用更为频繁,如:“见识”、“专长”、“庄重”、“理解”和“回应”。此外,新模式能够满足包括商业、学术和政治等在内的多种语篇类型的“人品诉诸”分析,这也证明了“人品诉诸”新模式的有效性。本项探索旨在推动修辞批评和修辞实践的发展,同时也希望有助于“人品诉诸”的后续理论研究。由于这一模式考虑到了不断变化的修辞情境,因而也可以为当代社会中个人、机构、社团乃至国家良好形象的建构提供有益参考。
[Abstract]:"Ethos" is a core concept in Western classical rhetoric, persuasion is one of the three proposed by Aristotle (the other two kinds of "rationality" and "emotional appeal"). Rhetorical criticism is to evaluate the rhetorical strategies for the purpose of the system analysis method of symbolic behavior, the rapid development of this area in contemporary rhetoric research. Although scholars have criticized some exploration on "ethos" rhetoric, but a lot of research on "broad connotation ethos" as the foundation, which often leads to the interpretation of fuzzy or mixed. The purpose of this paper is to construct a both explanatory and operable "ethos" the level system, in order to better serve the rhetorical criticism and rhetoric practice. This research is mainly based on Aristotle's "ethos" theory and the concept of development in contemporary research Show. The study focuses on the construction of "ethos" new level system and the feasibility of the verification and interpretation; difficulty is to solve the Aristotle "ethos" in "wise", "Virtue" and "good faith" refers to the three elements of the fuzzy problem. This paper will comb through system when the main related research the results from the generation of rhetorical scholars, for each of the elements extracted from several basic components, mainly to the connotation of Aristotle's three elements. To achieve this aim, the relevant section of the article will review Aristotle < > rhetoric, in-depth study of ancient and modern rhetoric scholars on the "ethos" of the interpretation, and selects three genres (advertising, preface and speech) in the six texts of the application analysis, to verify the feasibility of "ethos" hierarchy model. By using qualitative research method and purposive sampling principle, the study concluded The following main conclusions: first, the "ethos" elements by the new model selection and subordinate components contain almost all important personality factors, namely "wise" elements "refined insight", "expertise" and "authority"; "Virtue" is "justice", "honesty" and "grave" "good faith"; under the "understanding", "sympathy" and "response"; second, the new model of fuzziness among the components can be reduced obviously, therefore, this mode of "ethos" rhetorical criticism of the maneuverability and explanatory power; third, through discourse analysis we found some components in this model the use of more frequently than other components, such as: "the experience", "expertise", "grave", "understanding" and "response". In addition, the new model can meet including business, academic and political, various types of discourse "ethos "Analysis, it also proves that the" ethos "the effectiveness of the new model. This study aims to promote the development of rhetoric and rhetorical criticism practice, also hope to study the subsequent theoretical ethos". Because this model takes into account the rhetorical situation changing, so it can be for individuals, in contemporary society, provide a useful reference to construct a good image of society and countries.

【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H05

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