基于满汉对勘的《清文启蒙》时体标记研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 00:02

本文关键词：基于满汉对勘的《清文启蒙》时体标记研究　出处：《北京外国语大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文的研究对象为清中前期兼汉满语会话教材《清文启蒙》中第二部分“兼汉满洲套话”,在满汉双语平行语料库的基础上,运用现代类型学语法理论,对《清文启蒙》卷二《兼汉满洲套话》的时体表达手段进行了详细的描写及考察,概括出其时体系统,并对满语自身存在的特殊语法现象以及对满汉双语之间的相互影响进行探讨。第一部分为绪论。首先明确了文章的研究意义,其次对本文研究对象《清文启蒙》的相关文献进行了介绍,最后对与本文研究相关的文献做出了具体概述。第二部分旨在由满到汉的视野下,对卷二《兼汉满洲套话》中的时体标记进行归纳,概括出其时体标记共有6种,分别是现在将来时词缀-mbi、-ra(-re/ro),现在时词缀-habi(-hebi/-hobi),过去时词缀-ha(-he/-ho)、-mbihe、-ha bihe(-he bihe/-ho bihe)。第三部分是在从汉到满的角度下,发现在文献中存在的与时体表达相关的语法语素——动态助词(了,着,过)、时间副词的体貌用法,旨在探讨清前期满汉双语的相互关系及影响程度,以此理清在近代汉语的发展演变过程中满语对其产生的影响。第四部分为个案分析。“来着”作为北京话中极具特点的句末助词,也是目前汉语学界研究的热点之一。本文从现代语言类型学出发,考察《清文启蒙》卷二“兼汉满洲套话”中“来着”的体貌特点,发现“来着”在语料中涵盖了完成体、结果体、未完整体、过去时等四种体貌用法。第五部分为结语部分。对全文研究进行概括总结,并指出本文的研究意义及存在的不足。
[Abstract]:The research object of this paper is the second part of the dialogue textbook "Enlightenment of Qing Chinese and Manchu" in the middle and early Qing Dynasty. Based on the parallel corpus of Manchu and Chinese, the author applies the grammar theory of modern typology. This paper gives a detailed description and investigation of the means of expressing the tense style in Volume II of the Enlightenment of the Qing Dynasty and the Manchu dialect of the Han Dynasty, and generalizes the system of the time style. The special grammatical phenomenon of Manchu and the interaction between Manchu and Chinese are also discussed. The first part is the introduction. Firstly, it clarifies the significance of the research, then introduces the relevant documents of the object of this paper, "Enlightenment of Qing Dynasty", and finally makes a specific overview of the relevant documents. The second part aims to sum up the tense and aspect markers in Volume II, from Manchu to Han, and generalize that there are six kinds of temporal markers, namely the present and future tense affixes -mbi. The present tense suffix -habi-hebir-hobihe, the old tense affix -ha-ha-he-r-hobi-mbihe. -ha bihe(-he bihe/-ho. The third part is from the perspective of Han to Manchu, found in the literature related to the stylistic expression of grammatical morphemes-dynamic auxiliary words (I, I, I, the use of temporal adverbs). The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship and influence of Manchu and Chinese bilingualism in the early Qing Dynasty so as to clarify the influence of Manchu language on it during the development and evolution of modern Chinese. Part 4th is a case study. As a special auxiliary word in Beijing dialect, it is also one of the hotspots in the study of Chinese. This paper starts from the modern language typology. This paper investigates the features of "re" in the book "the Enlightenment of Qing Dynasty" and "Han Manchu dialect". It is found that the corpus covers four aspects: perfect aspect, resultant style, incomplete whole, past tense and so on. The 5th part is the conclusion part. It summarizes the full text research, and points out the significance and deficiency of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H221;H146

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