汉语名物化现象的句法生成研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 09:21

本文关键词：汉语名物化现象的句法生成研究　出处：《湖南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本论文旨在运用句法生成法来构建及推导汉语的名物化结构。我们以分布式形态学为基本理论框架,采用其基本理论假设,即句法是生成词与句子的唯一引擎,主要研究了以下几个问题:(1)汉语名物化现象有哪些特点?(2)如何构建汉语名物化结构?(3)汉语名物化结构是如何生成的?跟Fu(1994)和Alexiadou(2001)的观点一致,我们认为汉语名物化结构包含动词性的功能投射v P,而由此构建的汉语名物化结构基于汉语名物化结构的特点。名物化结构中限定词、量词和数词的出现表明与其对应的名词性的功能投射如DP,Cl P和Num P的存在,如“我们对这个案件的调查”;而动词性功能投射v P和Aspect P的出现则允准了v P附加语如行为副词、PP和时间短语的合理嫁接,如“他的不来”和“张三的在美国留学”等等。名物化结构的事件性解读同样来源于名物化结构中的动词性功能投射v P和Aspect P。除此之外,标示汉语时体特征的“了”“过”等小词和焦点话题等结构不能出现在名物化结构中,这表明IP及处于IP投射以上的功能投射均不能出现在名物化结构中。我们主要通过移位和合并的方法来生成名物化结构,移位的动机是特征核查。决定名物化结构最重要的三个要素是词根、论元和轻动词v,不同的因素组合对应着不同的名物化结构。词根的语义特征决定其能否进入名物化结构,而是否携带论元与轻动词v的功能是否完整会生成不同的名物化结构。与其他句法生成解释不同,本文提出句子的生成和名物化结构的生成没有一一对应的关系,即句子与名物化结构不存在“转换”的生成关系。不仅如此,在语义上,汉语名物化仅包含两种基本事件类型,即[DO]和[STATE],并且每一个名物化结构有且仅有一种事件解读。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this thesis is to construct and deduce the nominalization structure of Chinese by syntactic generation. We take distributed morphology as the basic theoretical framework and adopt its basic theoretical assumption that syntax is the only engine for generating words and sentences. This paper mainly studies the following questions: 1) what are the characteristics of nominalization in Chinese? How to construct the nominalization structure of Chinese? How does the nominalization structure of Chinese language come into being? In accordance with the views of Fujiang (1994) and Alexiadoun (2001), we think that the nominalized structure of Chinese language contains the verb functional projection v P. The Chinese nominalization structure is based on the characteristics of Chinese nominalization structure. The appearance of qualifiers, quantifiers and numerals in nominalization structure indicates the corresponding nominal functional projection such as DP. The presence of ClP and Num P, such as "our investigation into this case"; On the other hand, the appearance of verb functional projection v P and Aspect P allows the reasonable grafting of v P adjunct such as behavioral adverb / PP and time phrase. Such as "his not coming" and "Zhang San's studying in the United States", etc. The event interpretation of nominalization structure also comes from the verb function projection v P and Aspect P in nominalization structure. Some minor words such as "over" and "focus topic", which can not be found in the nominalization structure, can not be used to indicate the temporal and aspect characteristics of Chinese. This shows that IP and the functional projection above IP projection can not appear in the nominalization structure. We mainly generate the nominalization structure by shifting and merging. The motivation of shift is characteristic verification. The three most important factors determining nominalization structure are root argument and light verb v. Different combinations of factors correspond to different nominalization structures. The semantic characteristics of the word roots determine whether they can enter the nominalization structure. Whether or not to carry argument and whether the function of light verb v is complete or not will result in different nominalized structures, which are different from other syntactic generative interpretations. This paper proposes that there is no one-to-one relationship between the generation of sentences and the generation of nominalized structures, that is, there is no "transformation" between sentences and nominalized structures. Not only that, but also semantically. Chinese nominalization contains only two basic event types, namely. [Do] and. [STATE, and each nominalized structure has and has only one event interpretation.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H146.3

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