中英文言语流畅性任务的语言间差异的fNIRS研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 09:46

本文关键词：中英文言语流畅性任务的语言间差异的fNIRS研究　出处：《天津师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：言语流畅性描述的是人们生成词汇的效率,是表现人类认知能力的一种指标,言语流畅性测试主要用来评定人在规定的搜索规则中提取特定信息的能力,因此它可以测评人的记忆与执行功能,它不仅应用于临床领域,还广泛用于科研和神经心理测试。近红外脑功能成像技术(Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy,简称fNIRS)的良好生态性和与任务要求的高契合度对言语流畅性的脑机制揭示是一种促进,而且在中文言语流畅性任务的近红外研究中也取得了一些初步的成果。由于语言的正字法与语音差异可以造成言语流畅性任务的脑机制差异,汉语作为典型的意音文字,具有不同于其它拼音文字的独特特点,我们推测这些特点也可能会反应到言语流畅性任务中去,因此汉语的流畅性任务可能有其独特的神经激活模式。所以本文拟通过语言间差异的角度,研究该任务在中文应用上的语言特异性神经机制。本论文包括以下两个研究：研究一目的是检验中文言语流畅性任务的fNIRS数据重测信度。研究分为两个实验,实验一探测健康被试在中文言语流畅性任务中的脑激活模式,以17名右利手在校研究生作为被试,使用岛津公司生产的LABNIRS功能近红外脑成像仪。实验采用被试内设计,要求被试完成中文音素流畅性任务和中文类别流畅性任务,任务顺序随机化,测量使用了44个通道探头,区域为额颞区,因变量为氧合血红蛋白浓度(HbO),实验任务由3个block组成,每个block持续为60s,其中30s为执行任务,30s为休息。一周后进行实验二,实验一中的被试重新回到实验室再次进行重复测验以测量出该任务的重测信度,实验任务同实验一。结果发现中文类别流畅性任务与音素任务的信度指数均为0.74,类别任务中稳定激活的脑区为左脑的中央前回、中央后回、额中回和右脑中的中央前回、中央后回。音素流畅性任务中稳定激活的脑区为左脑的中央前回、中央后回、额中回、额下回、缘上回和右脑中的中央前回、中央后回。研究二目的为探测中-英和英-中双语被试在中英文言语流畅性任务上的脑激活模式差异。研究分为两个实验,实验三为中-英被试在中英文音素流畅性任务与类别流畅性任务上的激活脑区模式探索。以20名右利手(男女各半)英语专业在校研究生和大四学生作为被试,实验设计同研究一,但材料增加了英文版本的音素和类别流畅性任务,四种任务随机呈现给被试,实验四为英-中被试在中英语音素流畅性任务与类别流畅性任务上激活脑区模式探索,并比较两组被试分别在两种语言下、两种任务下的各自激活模式的不同,以找到有意义的语言特性差异脑区。以7名右利手以英语为母语的留学生作为被试,实验设计同实验三,结果发现左脑的缘上回可能是中文音素言语流畅性任务的语言特异性脑区。在本研究条件下,得出以下结论： 1. fNIRS可用于中文言语流畅性任务的检测,fNIRS数据在类别和音素任务上的重测信度较高。 2.左脑的缘上回可能是中文音素言语流畅性任务的语言特异性脑区。 3.中文类别流畅性任务中稳定激活的脑区为左脑的中央前回、中央后回、额中回和右脑中的中央前回、中央后回。 4.中文音素流畅性任务中稳定激活的脑区为左脑的中央前回、中央后回、额中回、额下回、缘上回和右脑中的中央前回、中央后回。
[Abstract]:Verbal fluency is described to generate efficiency of vocabulary, is a kind of performance index of human cognition ability, verbal fluency test is mainly used to assess extracting specific information within the prescribed search rules, so it can memory and executive function evaluation of people, it is not only used in the clinical field, is widely used in scientific research and neuropsychological tests. Functional near infrared imaging system (Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy, referred to as fNIRS) the good ecological and task demands high fit on verbal fluency reveal the brain mechanism is a promotion, but also in the study of near infrared Chinese verbal fluency task also achieved some preliminary results. Due to differences in brain mechanisms of speech and orthographic differences in language can cause a verbal fluency task, as a typical Chinese logogram, which is different from other Chinese Pinyin The unique features of the word, we speculate that these characteristics may also be response to verbal fluency tasks, so Chinese fluency tasks may have its unique patterns of neural activation. So in this paper by the language of the difference between the angle of the research task in the Chinese application language specific neural mechanisms.
This paper includes the following two studies:
The research purpose is fNIRS data test Chinese verbal fluency task test-retest reliability. The research is divided into two experiments, experimental detection of healthy subjects in Chinese verbal fluency task in brain activation patterns in 17 right-handed graduate students as subjects, the use of SHIMADZU's LABNIRS production function in the infrared imaging instrument. The brain within subjects design, participants were asked to complete Chinese phonemic fluency task and Chinese category fluency task, task order randomization, measured using 44 channel probe, area of frontal and temporal region, the dependent variable is oxygenated haemoglobin concentration (HbO), consisting of 3 experimental tasks a block, each block for the 60s, where 30s is the 30s mission for the rest. After a week of experiment two, experiment the subjects returned to the lab again to repeat the test in order to measure the test-retest reliability of the task, the task with the real A test. The results show that the reliability index Chinese category fluency task and phoneme tasks were 0.74, brain activation in the stable category task as the left precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, middle frontal gyrus and right precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus. Brain activation in stable phoneme fluency tasks as the left precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, right supramarginal gyrus and the precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus.
Objective to probe in the study of two - English and English - in bilingual subjects in English verbal fluency task patterns of brain activation differences. The research is divided into two experiments, experiment three in English subjects in the exploration of English phoneme fluency task and category fluency task on the activation patterns of brain regions. In 20 right-handed (half male and half female) for English Majors
Graduate students and senior subjects experimental design with a study, but the material added phoneme and category fluency task English version, four tasks were presented to subjects, experiment four subjects in English in fluency task and category fluency task on the activation patterns of English phonemes the brain area of exploration, and the two groups were compared respectively in two languages, two tasks under the respective activation mode, in order to find the area difference of brain language features significant. In 7 right-handed native English students as the subjects, experimental design with three experimental results. That left supramarginal gyrus may be Chinese phonemic verbal fluency task language specific brain regions.
Under the conditions of this study, the following conclusions are drawn:
1. fNIRS can be used to detect speech fluency tasks in Chinese, and the retest reliability of fNIRS data on class and phoneme tasks is higher.
2. the upper margin of the left brain may be the language specific brain region of the Chinese phoneme speech fluency task.
3. the stable activation of the brain area in the Chinese class fluency task is the anterior central gyrus of the left brain, the posterior central gyrus, the middle frontal gyrus and the anterior central gyrus in the right brain, and the posterior central gyrus.
4. in Chinese phonemic fluency task, the regions with stable activation are the anterior central gyrus of the left brain, the posterior central gyrus, the frontal middle gyrus, the inferior frontal gyrus, the superior border gyrus and the central anterior gyrus of the right brain, and the central posterior gyrus.

【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H116;H311

【参考文献】