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留学生习得方位词“上”与“里”的偏误研究

发布时间:2018-01-22 21:59

  本文关键词: 里 上 偏误分析 对外汉语教学 出处:《吉林大学》2013年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文


【摘要】:《国际汉语教学通用课程大纲》把留学生的课程内容划分为五个等级,将方位词“里”和“上”列在二级目标中。在大纲的常用汉语1500高频词语表中,方位词“上”的使用频度排在第20位,方位词“里”的使用频度排在第34位,由此可见方位词“里”与“上”在日常的使用中是很频繁的。然而中介语语料显示,留学生经常会把方位词“里”和“上”弄混,比如下面这两例: *我曾经在《人民日报》里看过一则有关于山东农民的新闻。 *他们在田上放了很多小鸭子。”(均出自HSK动态语料库) “里”和“上”的方位义本不相同,基本义也相对固定,但在一些语境中二者又存在着交叉,以汉语为母语的本民族使用者并不会在此类表达中出现错误,但通过对资料的统计发现,留学生在使用方位词“里”和“上”时确实存在着不小的问题,而且不论是从本体研究方面还是在对外汉语教学的领域中,对方位词“里”和“上”的交叉点和选择性这一问题没有得到足够的重视。很多对外汉语教材只是简单地把方位词“里”和“上”在生词表中列出来,再加之对外汉语教师讲解得不到位,留学生又没有足够的语言环境去生成正确的句子,所以他们在日常使用中很难把握二者的使用条件。由此可见,这是一个很值得去研究的问题。 本文从HSK动态作文语料库中留学生使用方位词“里”与“上”的偏误情况入手进行分析,主体共分为三部分。第一部分:通过对语料数据的整理,总结出留学生在使用方位词“里”与“上”时所产生的偏误类型,并运用相关本体知识对各偏误类型进行分析,这样我们便可以明确,留学生具体在哪些类型中容易出现偏误,此部分也应为教学中的重点。第二部分:针对第一部分的偏误类型,分析出留学生出现这些偏误的成因,并提出解决办法。第三部分:给出教学建议,提出教学设计,,并给出简单的教学规律,方便日后在对外汉语中对方位词“里”与“上”的教学
[Abstract]:The General Curriculum for International Chinese Teaching divides the contents of the courses of international students into five levels, and lists the locative words "Li" and "Shang" in the secondary goal, and in the list of commonly used Chinese 1500 high-frequency words in the outline. The frequency of using azimuth word "Shang" was ranked 20th, and that of "azimuth word" ranked 34th. This shows that the locative words "Li" and "Shang" are frequently used in daily use. However, the interlanguage data show that foreign students often confuse the words "Li" and "Shang", such as the following two examples: * I once read a piece of news about farmers in Shandong Province in People's Daily. * they put a lot of ducklings in the field. "(all from the HSK dynamic corpus) The orientation and meaning of "Li" and "Shang" are different, and the basic meaning is relatively fixed, but in some contexts, there is a cross between them, and the native speakers of Chinese as their mother tongue do not make mistakes in this kind of expression. However, through the statistics of the data, it is found that there are some problems in the use of the azimuth words "Li" and "Shang", and there are no small problems in the field of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, whether from the aspect of ontology research or in the field of teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Not enough attention has been paid to the intersection and selectivity of orientation words "Li" and "Shang". Many textbooks of Chinese as a foreign language simply list the words "Li" and "Shang" in the list of new words. In addition, teachers of Chinese as a foreign language do not explain in place, foreign students do not have enough language environment to generate the correct sentences, so they are very difficult to grasp the use of the two conditions in the daily use. This is a problem worth studying. This paper starts with the analysis of the errors of the orientation words "Li" and "Shang" in the HSK dynamic composition corpus. The main body is divided into three parts. The first part: through the collation of the data of the corpus. This paper summarizes the types of errors produced by foreign students when they use the word "in" and "on", and analyzes the types of errors by using the relevant ontology knowledge, so that we can be clear. What types of foreign students are prone to errors, this part should also be the focus of teaching. The second part: in view of the first part of the error type, analyze the causes of these errors. The third part: teaching suggestions, teaching design, and simple teaching rules, which can facilitate the teaching of "Li" and "Shang" in Chinese as a foreign language in the future.
【学位授予单位】:吉林大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2013
【分类号】:H195.3

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