现代汉语“倒”与“却”的对比研究

发布时间：2018-01-28 17:20

本文关键词： 倒却对比转折焦点篇章连接　出处：《大连理工大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文从前人研究成果的基础上,以出现虚词“倒”与“却”的句子为研究对象,把现代汉语三个平面的基础语法理论及篇章结构功能理论相结合,运用近义词对比到具体实践上来,拟从各个方面对这组近义词进行全面的辨析,力求达到清楚明确的区分效果。同时,对虚词“倒”“却”的辨析有利于充实并深化语言本体研究,为汉语初学者带来学习方便,积累一定的资料。文章主要从四个方面对它们进行了比较：一是对它们的背景语义进行分析,认为他们的预期都带有一种“理应性”。并认为它们在“表示对比”、“拥有转折属性”和“含有语气意义”和焦点及篇章结构方面都表现出共同特征。二是分析它们表对比和转折属性时的差异,表示对比语义时,“倒”的使用范围较“却”广泛,究其原因,主要因为“倒”是评注性副词,统筹整个句子,意在表达作者的主观倾向,故重对比而轻对立；“却”强调结果,修饰限制后面的谓语,在表示对立语义上更强调矛盾冲突,其转折程度也比“倒”强,“倒”后面接事物良好或积极的方面,且常用于口语中,此时评注性副词“倒”含有说话者的评价和喜好倾向。三是语气功能方面的差异,分为增添语气、增强语气和弱化语气三方面。四是语用层面和篇章结构的连接功能方面。认为“倒”的焦点位置更灵活,焦点的反射域也比“却”更大,相对应的篇章连接功能方面“倒”也呈现出多样化特点。 “倒”的用法范围的广泛造成很多外国留学生的误用,汉语教学者在解释区分“倒”与“却”的用法时,我们建议不要但单从某一方面就妄想区分它们,而应全面掌握知识点、灵活辨析。
[Abstract]:Based on the previous research results, this paper combines the basic grammatical theory of three planes of modern Chinese with the theory of textual structure and function by taking the sentences of "inverted" and "but" as the object of study. The use of synonyms contrast to the specific practice, from all aspects of this group of synonyms comprehensive discrimination, strive to achieve a clear and clear distinction. At the same time. The analysis of the function word "inverted" "but" is beneficial to enrich and deepen the study of language ontology, bring Chinese beginners easy to learn and accumulate certain data. This paper mainly compares them from four aspects: The first is to analyze their background semantics, think that their expectations are with a "reasonable nature", and think that they are "to show contrast." There are common characteristics in the aspects of "having the attribute of turning point" and "containing mood meaning" and the focus and the structure of the text. The second is to analyze the differences between the contrastive and turning attributes of them, and to express the contrastive semantics, the scope of use of "inverted" is wider than that of "but". The main reason is that "inverted" is a commentary adverb, and the whole sentence is as a whole. It is intended to express the subjective tendency of the author, so the author pays more attention to contrast than opposition; "but" emphasizes the result, modifies the predicate after the restriction, emphasizes the contradiction and conflict more in the meaning of opposition, and its turning degree is also stronger than the "inverted", and the good or positive aspects of the "upside down" followed by the thing. And often used in spoken English, the commentary adverb "inverted" implies the speaker's tendency of evaluation and preference. The third is the difference of mood function, which is divided into three aspects: adding tone, strengthening tone and weakening tone. The fourth is the connection function of pragmatic level and text structure. It is believed that the focus position of "inverted" is more flexible, and the reflection field of focus is larger than that of "but". The corresponding text connection function is also characterized by diversification. The wide scope of the use of "inverted" causes many foreign students to misuse it. In explaining the difference between "inverted" and "but", we suggest that we should not, but only from one aspect, distinguish between them. But should master the knowledge point in an all-round way, distinguish and analyze flexibly.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146

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