汉字拆分教学法在留学生汉字教学中的应用

发布时间：2018-01-29 15:05

本文关键词： 汉字汉字拆分部件非汉字文化圈　出处：《辽宁大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在对外汉语教学中,汉字教学相对来说比较枯燥,留学生认为汉字在认、读、写、记等方面没有规律性,只能死记硬背,所以导致许多留学生对汉字及汉字课产生了厌倦情绪,认为会说就行,导致了很多学习汉语的留学生都认为汉字难学,特别是初级汉语班的学生,留学生往往在学习初级阶段把汉字的书写看成画画儿,觉得复杂,没有记忆点,无从下笔,从而致使许多留学生在中国学习很多年后仍旧不能写出完整汉字。许多学习汉语的留学生,经常在汉字书写过程中不是忘记了偏旁部首就是颠倒了左右结构或上下结构等。本文以方便记忆的视角和规律,依照汉字的特点,经过对汉字的分解,从而让留学生对汉字学习提高兴趣,使之能更快更好地记忆和书写汉字,对提高汉字记忆和书写起着有利的铺垫作用。对于留学生来说,能在最短的时间里对汉字建立汉字字感是极为重要的。本文针对汉字,进行拆分讲解,意在通过拆分的过程,使留学生能活学活用。笔者综合现有的拆分教学法,总结归纳并提出了个人意见,意在帮助留学生尽快熟悉汉字,解决留学生学习汉字难的困扰,具有实用价值。本文中针对汉字进行部首拆分、结构拆分以及应用了一些方便记忆的故事拆分等。本文考虑到留学生的学习兴趣和教学需要,从而确定了本文将汉字拆分作为针对留学生汉字教学的一种方法,具有一定的实际意义。本文分为以下几个部分：第一部分：在当前阶段下针对对外汉字教学存在的问题进行分析,主要是汉字教学和语言教学间的矛盾及目间教学中汉字课纠结的存在地位问题,将从三个方面剖析对外汉字的教学难点,即：认字难、写字难和教法难。第二部分：汉字拆分教学方法的理据性。主要是针对汉字拆分的研究现状和汉字拆分中常见的教学方法进行分析总结,以及针对拆分的理论依据----“三书说”理论进行简议。第三部分：将阐述汉字拆分教学方法在教学中的应用原则。从三个方面阐述教学中应该遵循的原则,即笔画的灌输应用、拆分中部件教学法的应用和汉字拆分中整体间结构教学的应用。第四部分：着重解析汉字拆分教学方法。这是本文意在阐述的教学方法。从培养留学生汉字拆分的思想和汉字拆分在实际教学中的应用方法进行举例说明,从五个方面归纳了五种拆分教学方法。希望留学生通过学习应用汉字拆分法,提高对汉字的认知能力、书写能力和组句能力。第五部分：进行教学中的环节练习。从独立字拆分、表意字拆分、表音字拆分上进行分析和界定,以及总结汉字拆分教学与文化教学的关系。
[Abstract]:In the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language, the teaching of Chinese characters is relatively boring. Foreign students think that there is no regularity in recognizing, reading, writing and memorizing Chinese characters, so they can only memorize them by rote. As a result, many foreign students have become tired of Chinese characters and Chinese characters class, thinking that they can say it, which leads to many students who study Chinese think it is difficult to learn Chinese characters, especially the students in primary Chinese class. Foreign students often take the writing of Chinese characters as drawing at the primary stage of their study. They feel complicated, have no memory points, and have no way to write. As a result, many foreign students in China are still unable to write complete Chinese characters after many years of study. Often in the process of writing Chinese characters, either forget the radical or reverse the left and right structure or up and down structure, etc. In this paper, according to the characteristics of Chinese characters, we decompose the Chinese characters from the perspective and rules of convenient memory. So that students can learn Chinese characters to improve interest, so that they can faster and better memory and writing Chinese characters, to improve the Chinese character memory and writing play a beneficial role in paving the way for international students. It is very important to establish the sense of Chinese characters in the shortest time. The author synthesizes the existing split teaching method, summarizes and puts forward personal opinions, in order to help foreign students to familiarize themselves with Chinese characters as soon as possible, and to solve the problem that it is difficult for foreign students to learn Chinese characters. It has practical value. In this paper, Chinese characters are divided by radical, structure and some convenient memory stories. This paper takes into account the learning interest and teaching needs of foreign students. Therefore, it is of practical significance to take Chinese character splitting as a method of teaching Chinese characters for foreign students. This article is divided into the following parts: The first part: in the current stage of the analysis of the foreign Chinese character teaching problems, mainly the contradiction between Chinese character teaching and language teaching and the existence of the status of Chinese character class in inter-object teaching. This paper analyzes the difficulties in the teaching of foreign Chinese characters from three aspects, that is, the difficulty of reading, writing and teaching. The second part: the motivation of the Chinese character split teaching method. It is mainly aimed at the research status of the Chinese character separation and the common teaching methods in the Chinese character separation to carry on the analysis and summary. And the split of the theoretical basis-"three Book Theory" theory for a brief discussion. The third part will explain the application principle of the Chinese character split teaching method in the teaching. From three aspects to elaborate the principle which should follow in the teaching, namely the stroke indoctrination application. The application of the component teaching method and the integral structure teaching in the separation of Chinese characters. Part 4th: focus on the analysis of the teaching method of Chinese character separation. This is the teaching method intended to elaborate. From the cultivation of the idea of Chinese character separation of foreign students and the application of Chinese character separation in practical teaching examples. This paper sums up five teaching methods from five aspects. It is hoped that the foreign students will improve their cognitive ability, writing ability and sentence formation ability by learning to apply the Chinese character splitting method. Part 5th: practice in teaching. Analyze and define the separation of independent characters, ideographic characters and phonetic characters, and summarize the relationship between Chinese character splitting teaching and culture teaching.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

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