现代汉语动词的宾语补语同现句式比较研究

发布时间：2018-01-29 16:48

本文关键词： 动宾补共现句式比较三个平面　出处：《南昌大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：现代汉语中谓语动词(V)以及宾语(0)补语(C)三个基本的构成成分同现,有VCO、VCO、VOVC、OVC、“把”字句、“被”字句等多种平行句式。本文从句法、语义以及语用三个平面对其中的VCO、VOVC、OVC三种句式进行了比较分析。在句法方面,三种句式都具有“V”、“0”、“C”几个成分,并且构成成分大体相同,它们的“V”和“C”总是紧密连在一起。三种句式主语的缺失情况,按照VCOVOVCOVC依次增多,我们认为这与0VC中的“0”和VOVC中的“V0”具有话题性有关。VCOOVCVOVC动词的及物性增强,我们认为这与构成成分“V”和“0”在线性排列上位置的紧密度有关。宾语、补语的意义类别也对句式成立与否有一定限制作用。在语义方面,三种句式都倾向于表示己然事件,其中很大一部分VOVC顷向于表达消极语义,OVC和大部分VCO则主要用于表述客观结果。VOVC中“C”的语义指向倾向“S”、“V”,而VCO、OVC的“C”语义指向倾向“0”、“V”；“V”、“O”关系越紧密,越倾向于使用VOVCO “V”、“C”关系越紧密,越倾向于使用VCO、OVC。我们认为这种倾向性与这些句式构成成分在线性排列上位置的紧密程度和句子的信息焦点有关。在语用方面,VOVC的信息焦点是“C”,而VCO、OVC的信息焦点为“O”。在表达效果上,三种句式有其各自的特点：VCO常有表夸张,VOVC有表强调和动作的反复延续,OVC具有对比的表达效果。三种句式都具有很强的口语化特点,其中VCO运用得比较广泛,VOVC常用语报纸、新闻或文章标题、谚语以及网络等。需要强调“0”的语境中,VCO、VOVC一般都可以用OVC代替。我们认为在具体语境中,对这三种句式的选择是句法、语义和语用相互作用的结果,其中语用因素是决定性的。
[Abstract]:In modern Chinese, there are three basic components of the predicate verb "V" and the "object" complement: VCO / VCO / VOVC / OVC, "Ba" sentence. There are many parallel sentences such as "Bei" sentences. This paper makes a comparative analysis of the VCO-VOVC- OVC sentence patterns from three aspects of syntax, semantics and pragmatics. All three sentence patterns have "V", "0" and "C" components, and the components are almost the same, their "V" and "C" are always closely linked together. According to the increase of VCOVOVCOVC, we think this is related to the topic of "0" in 0VC and "V0" in VOVC. We think that this is related to the compactness of the position of the composition "V" and "0" in the linear arrangement. All three kinds of sentence patterns tend to express their own events, and a large part of the VOVC tends to express negative semantics. OVC and most of VCO are mainly used to express the semantic orientation of "C" in objective result, "S" and "V", while the "C" semantic orientation of VC is "0". "V"; The closer the relationship between "V" and "O" is, the more inclined you are to use VOVCO "V" and the closer "C" relationship is, the more likely you are to use VCO. We think that this tendency is related to the tight position of these sentence components in linear arrangement and the information focus of sentences. In pragmatic terms, the information focus of VOVC is "C". On the other hand, the information focus of VCOC / OVC is "O". In terms of expression effect, the three sentence patterns have their own characteristics: VCO often exaggerates VOVC with tabular emphasis and repeated action. The three sentence patterns have strong colloquial characteristics, among which VCO is widely used in newspaper, news or article titles. In the context of "0", VCOVVC can be replaced by OVC. We think that in the specific context, the choice of these three sentence patterns is syntactic. The result of semantic and pragmatic interaction, in which pragmatic factors are decisive.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146

【参考文献】