宋代新兴介词研究

发布时间：2018-02-16 05:04

本文关键词： 介词语法化宋代新兴　出处：《华中科技大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：宋代是汉语介词发展的重要阶段，介词更迭现象在这一时期较为明显。本文以语法化理论为基础，对宋代新兴介词进行研究，包括新兴介词的语义功能、语义来源、语法化过程以及宋代新兴介词特点等。本文以语法化理论为基础和依据，首先介绍语法化理论基本内容并概说汉语介词整体面貌。从汉语介词的语法化、介词分类及介词同其他词类的辨析等方面描述汉语介词的基本情况，为后文的深入讨论做铺垫。其次，概述宋代介词系统情况，重点描写宋代介词的特点和宋代介词系统构成。宋代介词主要特点在于双音介词数量增多，其中“X着”“X了”类介词较为特殊，也在这一时期开始出现。宋代介词系统中大部分是从中古汉语及唐五代时期传承下来的，另有一些新的介词产生。第三，从共时角度描写宋代新兴单音介词和双音介词的语义功能、语法功能和使用情况。新兴单音介词有“打、劈、照、去、据、连”，新兴双音介词有“趁取、除了、打从、经由、凭仗、关于”。双音介词的成词方式包括两个介词同义复合和介词与非介词结合这两种形式。本文重点内容在于分析宋代新兴介词的语法化过程。介词多来源于动词，如“打、劈”，也有部分词在介词语义上发展出新的语义，如“据、连”。单音介词语法化机制主要有句法位置变化、词义渗透、认知因素，双音介词的语法化机制有语义强化、重新分析、句法结构词汇化等。这是对新兴介词的历时研究。考察宋代新兴介词有助于把握介词系统整体面貌，完善介词系统。本文在断代研究和语法化分析方面有所创新。但宋代介词系统壮大，语料繁多，有些词语在宋末有发展为介词的趋势，在元明时期作为介词广泛使用，本文对这些词没有详尽考察，，仍有很大研究空间。
[Abstract]:The Song Dynasty is an important stage of the development of Chinese prepositions, and the phenomenon of preposition change is obvious in this period. Based on the grammaticalization theory, this paper studies the emerging prepositions in Song Dynasty, including the semantic functions and semantic sources of the new prepositions. The process of grammaticalization and the characteristics of new prepositions in Song Dynasty. Based on the grammaticalization theory, this paper first introduces the basic contents of grammaticalization theory and generalizes the overall appearance of Chinese prepositions. The classification of prepositions and the discrimination of prepositions from other parts of speech describe the basic situation of Chinese prepositions, and pave the way for further discussion. Secondly, it summarizes the situation of the preposition system of the Song Dynasty, especially describes the characteristics of the preposition and the composition of the preposition system in the Song Dynasty. The main feature of the preposition in the Song Dynasty is the increase in the number of dicyllabic prepositions, among which the "X zhe" prepositions are special. Most of the prepositions in the Song Dynasty were inherited from the middle ancient Chinese and the Tang and five dynasties, and some new prepositions came into being. Thirdly, from a synchronic point of view, the semantic functions, grammatical functions and usage of new monosyllabic prepositions and bisyllabic prepositions in the Song Dynasty are described. The formation of dicyllabic prepositions consists of two forms of preposition synonymy and the combination of preposition and non-preposition. This paper focuses on the analysis of the grammaticalization of new prepositions in the Song Dynasty. Prepositions come from verbs, such as "strike, split", and some words develop new semantics in prepositional semantics, such as "according to," The grammaticalization mechanism of monosyllabic prepositions mainly includes the change of syntactic position, the penetration of word meaning, the cognitive factors, the grammaticalization mechanism of bisyllabic prepositions such as semantic reinforcement, reanalysis, lexicalization of syntactic structures, etc. This is a diachronic study of emerging prepositions. The investigation of the new prepositions in the Song Dynasty is helpful to grasp the whole appearance of the preposition system and perfect the preposition system. This paper has some innovations in the research of the Qing Dynasty and the grammaticalization analysis. However, the preposition system of the Song Dynasty is strong and the corpus is various. Some words tend to develop into prepositions at the end of Song Dynasty. They were widely used as prepositions in Yuan and Ming dynasties.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H141

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