英汉时间表达的跨文化对比研究

发布时间：2018-02-16 06:14

本文关键词： 时间表达对应差异高（低）语境单（多）向时制　出处：《燕山大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：时间观是人们在认识世界和改造世界的过程中对于时间的认识和理解，在英语和汉语两种语言中，时间的表达一方面体现出英汉两种语言不同的时间表达形式，另一方面也为不同文化背景下的不同人理解其他人所处的社会文化提供了有效工具。之前的研究虽然不乏对英汉时间表达进行的对比性的研究，但是这些研究多从语言学的角度分析了特定的语言现象，将文化因素与语言现象相结合进而探讨产生这些现象原因的研究尚不多见。实际上，语言的产生和发展离不开文化，语言是文化的载体，时间表达是语言的重要组成部分之一，因此，语言中时间的表达也深受文化的影响。因此，本研究力图有助于英汉时间表达的对应翻译，深化对时间概念的理解，提升外语文化教学的质量，同时也为英汉时间表达的研究提供了一个不同的视角。基于跨文化可比性的角度，本研究选取了《红高粱》及其相应英译本作为主要语料来源。《红高粱》是诺贝尔文学奖获得者莫言的优秀作品，他的作品已经被翻译成近二十个版本在全球范围内出版，，由于故事时间跨越祖孙三代，所以在这本书及其英译本中包含有大量的时间表达。同时，选取《英语语法大全》作为补充的语料来源，此书是知名语言学家夸克、利奇等人合著的英语语法书，苏州大学翻译组翻译的其汉译本影响了一代国人的英语语法学习。本研究围绕三个问题展开，即英语时态与汉语相应时间表达有多大程度的对应，二者间的对应与差异现象分别有何特点以及不同的文化是如何影响时间系统的。研究以霍尔的文化理论为基础，首先对英语时态以及汉语对应表达形式进行对比发现其特点，然后找出这些语法现象后的文化因素本质。研究采用对比分析的方法，将英语时态和汉语相应表达形式进行对比，从形式、意义和语境三方面找寻规律和特点，进而分析出文化因素对二者的影响。基于霍尔的文化理论，通过对比分析，作者主要获得了三点发现：第一，在相应的汉语时间表达中，汉语会将部分时间意义隐含在语境中，因此英语时态与汉语时间表达之间的完全对应只有十种；第二，这些对应和差异体现出了这两种语言间的共性和个性，说明时间观在其各自的语言表达中都作为基本理念得以体现，但又受不同文化的影响进而产生了差异；第三，经过分析研究，英语时态与汉语时间表达形式中体现出了高、低语境以及多向与单向时制的文化特点，充分地说明了英汉时间表达既对应又有不同这种语言现象表面下的深层文化因素。
[Abstract]:The view of time is the understanding and understanding of time in the process of understanding and transforming the world. In English and Chinese, the expression of time on the one hand reflects the different forms of time expression in both English and Chinese. On the other hand, it also provides an effective tool for different people from different cultural backgrounds to understand the social culture of other people. However, most of these studies have analyzed specific linguistic phenomena from the linguistic point of view, and it is still rare to study the causes of these phenomena by combining cultural factors with linguistic phenomena. In fact, the generation and development of language cannot be separated from culture. Language is the carrier of culture, and temporal expression is one of the important components of language. Therefore, the expression of time in language is also deeply influenced by culture. To deepen the understanding of the concept of time, to improve the quality of foreign language culture teaching, but also to provide a different perspective for the study of time expression in English and Chinese. From the perspective of cross-cultural comparability, this study selects Red Sorghum and its corresponding English translation as the main source of the corpus. < Red Sorghum > is an excellent work of Mo Yan, the Nobel Prize winner in Literature. His work has been translated into nearly 20 editions and published worldwide. Since the story spans three generations, there is a lot of time for expression in the book and its English translation. This book is written by famous linguists quark, Leech and others. The Chinese translation of the translation group of Suzhou University has affected the English grammar learning of a generation of Chinese. The present study focuses on three questions: how much correspondence between the English tense and the corresponding time expression in Chinese. On the basis of Hall's cultural theory, the author first contrasts English tense and Chinese corresponding expressions and finds out their characteristics. Then we find out the essence of the cultural factors after these grammatical phenomena. We use the method of contrastive analysis to compare the English tense with the corresponding forms of expression in Chinese, and find out the rules and characteristics from the aspects of form, meaning and context. Then it analyzes the influence of cultural factors on them. Based on Hall's cultural theory, through comparative analysis, the author finds three main findings: first, in the corresponding time expression of Chinese, Chinese will hide part of the temporal meaning in the context. Therefore, there are only ten complete correspondence between English tenses and Chinese temporal expressions. Second, these correspondence and differences reflect the commonness and individuality between the two languages. It is shown that the view of time is embodied as a basic concept in their respective language expressions, but it is influenced by different cultures. Thirdly, through the analysis and study, the English tense and the Chinese temporal expression are highly expressed. The cultural characteristics of low context and multidirectional and unidirectional tense fully illustrate the deep cultural factors under the surface of the linguistic phenomenon that both English and Chinese temporal expressions correspond to and differ from each other.
【学位授予单位】：燕山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H136;H313

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