建构主义和本质主义视角下的性别与翻译研究

发布时间：2018-02-23 05:58

本文关键词： 性别差异建构主义翻译策略本质主义女性语言　出处：《华东理工大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：语言和性别之间的联系由来已久。从二十世纪六十年代起,性别与语言研究迅速崛起。其中主要有两种因素推动前进。一,社会语言学的发展。作为一门交叉学科,社会语言学从语言学,心理学,社会学等角度进行语言差异研究,其中就包括个人性别,教育背景,身份等因素。其中Lakoff的“女性语言”极具代表性,提出女性在语言运用上呈现的各种特点。二,女性主义运动的发展。女权主义提出,女性受到的歧视以及在社会上所处的弱势地位在语言上得到体现。在此基础上,译者的性别在整个翻译研究中也引起越来越多的关注。性别和翻译的研究可以分为两种,建构主义和本质主义。传统翻译理论视原文为权威,要求译者隐身等等。翻译处于附属,派生的地位。女性主义的思潮给翻译中的文化现象提供了性别视角。女性主义翻译于是这次结合的产物,目的在于批判与改变将女性与翻译看做在社会与文学中处于次要地位的观点,将女性主义观念移植入译本。建构主义指的就是女性主义译者在翻译中运用脚注、增补、挪用翻译策略,削弱或摒弃男性文化,强调女性意识和身份的建构。本质主义从语言学角度出发,强调性别本质上的差异导致语言的用法不同,从而男女在译文上也呈现出不同特点。为了更全面地了解性别差异如何影响译文,本文从建构主义和本质主义两个角度来探讨以下两个问题：(1)中西方翻译者在译文中是如何建构其性别身份以及两者之间的异同点。(2)从本质主义角度研究男女译者在译文中呈现出的语言特色。本文以语料的具体观察和分析为主,选取艾丽斯.沃克的小说《紫色》的四个译本为主要研究对象。研究结果如下：(1)无论是中国还是西方,译者对女性主义作品采用的翻译策略基本相似。但是由于不同的文化和社会背景,情况稍有不同。西方女性主义翻译目标更加具体明确,实现手段更加多样。(2)相比男性,中国女性译者能够更好地表达女性,建立女性身份。女性译者对于根植于男权文化的原文更加敏感,甚至会操纵原文建立女性身份。(3)中国没有严格意义上的女权主义译者,尽管她们文章的选取和策略上显示出性别意识,但是远不及西方女性主义者在原文操控上大胆,这是由于中国文化社会因素所造成的。(4)译者由于性别本质上的差异,在词汇选择和言语句式上呈现出某种倾向。本文的研究显示,相比男性,女性更加倾向用强势词语,重复短语的形容词,委婉语和平行结构句式。本文通过建构主义和本质主义两角度来研究性别差异对翻译造成的影响,这不仅具有社会语言学意义,也有翻译学上的意义,为性别和翻译研究提供更加全面和整体的认识。
[Abstract]:The link between language and gender has been around for a long time. Since 1960s, the study of gender and language has risen rapidly. There are two main factors driving the progress. One, the development of sociolinguistics. Sociolinguistics studies linguistic differences from linguistic, psychological and sociological perspectives, including gender, educational background, identity and other factors. Second, the development of feminist movement. Feminism suggests that the discrimination against women and their weak position in society are embodied in language. The gender of the translator has attracted more and more attention throughout translation studies. Gender and translation studies can be divided into two categories, constructivism and essentialism. Traditional translation theory regards the source text as authority, requires the translator to be invisible, etc. Derivative status. Feminist trends of thought provide a gender perspective to cultural phenomena in translation. The purpose of this paper is to criticize and change the view that women and translation are in the secondary position in society and literature, and to transplant feminist concepts into the translation. Constructivism refers to the use of footnotes and supplements by feminist translators in translation. Misappropriating translation strategies weakens or abandons male culture and emphasizes the construction of female consciousness and identity. Essentialism from a linguistic point of view emphasizes that gender differences in nature lead to differences in the use of language. Thus, men and women in the translation also showed different characteristics. In order to gain a more comprehensive understanding of how gender differences affect translation, This paper probes into the following two questions: 1: 1) how do Chinese and Western translators construct their gender identity in the translation and the similarities and differences between them?) the study of male and female translators from the perspective of essentialism. This paper focuses on the specific observation and analysis of the corpus. Four versions of Alice Walker's novel Purple are selected as the main research object. The results of the study are as follows: (1) the translation strategies adopted by translators for feminist works are similar in both China and the West. However, due to different cultural and social backgrounds, The situation is slightly different. Western feminist translation has a more specific target and more diverse means to achieve it.) compared with men, Chinese female translators are better able to express women. Establishing female identity. Female translators are more sensitive to the original text rooted in patriarchal culture, and even manipulate the original text to establish female identity. Although the selection and strategy of their articles show gender consciousness, they are far less daring than the western feminists in manipulating the original text, which is caused by the cultural and social factors in China. This study shows that women are more likely to use strong words, adjectives, euphemisms and parallel structures than men. This paper studies the impact of gender differences on translation from the perspectives of constructivism and essentialism, which is not only sociolinguistic but also translatological, and provides a more comprehensive and holistic understanding of gender and translation studies.
【学位授予单位】：华东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H059

【参考文献】