“有（一）点”的语法化及其相关问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-23 17:03

本文关键词： 有(一)点语法化语法化程度语法化诱因　出处：《浙江师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：“有(一)点”在现代汉语中使用频率很高,组合能力极强。在语言发展演变的进程中,“有(一)点”从表“量少”义的跨层结构,到表“程度低”义的程度副词,经历了一个由实到虚的语法化过程。在语法化研究备受关注的今天,对“有(一)点”的语法化问题进行全面而系统地研究的文章甚少,大多数学者青睐于从共时平面描写“有(一)点”,包括“有(一)点”的词性、组合功能、后加成分的褒贬性等等。因此,本文在前人研究的基础上,综合利用语法化理论与三个平面理论,采用描写与解释,形式与意义相结合的方法,全面而系统地对“有(一)点”的语法化现象进行整理与分析,归纳“有(一)点”的语法化路径,解释“有(一)点”的语法化程度与诱因。本文分为六个部分：绪论部分介绍了语法化理论的研究成果以及“有(一)点”的研究现状,并对前人研究“有(一)点”中存在的不足做简要说明。同时该部分还包括本文的研究思路、意义、方法和语料来源等等。第二部分主要根据汉语史的分期,以晚唐五代和五四运动为界,将汉语历史分为古代汉语、近代汉语以及现代汉语。这三个时期正是“有(一)点”语法化的三个主要阶段,分别代表不同时期不同特性的“有(一)点”。晚唐五代以前为古代汉语时期,在此阶段“有(一)点”为跨层结构。元明清时期为近代汉语,这一阶段是“有(一)点”语法化的关键时期,可以说整个语法化过程在该阶段完成,“有(一)点”由跨层结构开始慢慢向副词转化,直到完成整个语法化过程。第三部分主要在前人认为“有(一)点”是在现代才完成语法化这一论点的基础上阐明本文的不同观点。我们认为“有(一)点”在明清时期就已经完成了语法化过程,且可以通过对“有(一)点”从语义、语法、语音和使用频率四个方面进行论证。因此本章主要对“有(一)点”的语法化程度以及判断标准进行描写与分析。第四部分主要尝试探讨“有(一)点”语法过程中的诱因。“有(一)点”的语法化是在各因素综合作用下共同完成的,这主要包括句法原因、语义原因、认知原因以及语用原因。第五部分关于“有一点”与“有点”产生的先后顺序做了简要的阐述,并在此基础上辨别跨层结构“有一点”与“有点”以及程度副词“有一点”与“有点”的异同。我们发现,跨层结构“有一点”和“有点”存在着一定的差别,而程度副词“有一点”和“有点”差异不明显。第六章是本文的结语部分,对全文进行总结。
[Abstract]:"you (one) point" is used frequently in modern Chinese and has a strong combinatorial ability. In the process of language development and evolution, "you (a) point" goes from the cross-layer structure of the meaning of "small amount" to the degree adverb of "low degree" meaning. It has gone through a process of grammaticalization from real to virtual. In today's study of grammaticalization, there are very few articles studying the grammaticalization of "having (one) point" in a comprehensive and systematic way. Most scholars prefer to describe "have (one) points" from the synchronic plane, including the part of speech of "having (one) point", the function of combination, the appreciation and disparagement of the latter elements, etc. Therefore, this paper is based on the previous studies. By synthetically utilizing grammaticalization theory and three plane theories, and adopting the method of combining description and explanation, form and meaning, the grammaticalization phenomenon of "having (one) point" is arranged and analyzed in a comprehensive and systematic way. Generalize the grammaticalization path of "have (one) point" and explain the grammaticalization degree and inducement of "having (one) point". This paper is divided into six parts:. The introduction part introduces the research results of grammaticalization theory and the research status of "there are (one) points", and gives a brief explanation of the shortcomings in the previous studies of "have (one) points". At the same time, this part also includes the research ideas and significance of this paper. Methods and sources of corpus, etc. The second part divides the history of Chinese into ancient Chinese, modern Chinese and modern Chinese. These three periods are the three main stages of grammaticalization of "having (one) point". They represent "one point" of different periods and different characteristics. The period before the late Tang and the five dynasties was the ancient Chinese period, and in this stage, the "have (one) point" was a cross-layer structure, and the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties were modern Chinese. This stage is the key period of grammaticalization of "having (one) point". It can be said that the whole process of grammaticalization is completed in this stage. "having (one) point" begins slowly to transform to adverb from cross-layer structure, until the whole process of grammaticalization is completed. The third part mainly expounds the different views of this article on the basis of the former people's argument that "one point" is to complete grammaticalization only in modern times. We think that "have (one) point" has already completed the process of grammaticalization in the Ming and Qing dynasties. And it can be proved from four aspects of semantics, grammar, phonology and frequency of use through "having (one) point". Therefore, this chapter mainly describes and analyzes the grammaticalization degree and judgment standard of "having (one) point". Part 4th mainly attempts to explore the inducements in the grammatical process of "having (one) point". The grammaticalization of "having (one) point" is accomplished under the combined action of various factors, which mainly includes syntactic reasons and semantic reasons. Cognitive and pragmatic reasons. Part 5th gives a brief account of the sequence in which "there is a little" and "a bit" comes into being. On the basis of this, we can distinguish the similarities and differences between "a little" and "a little" and the adverb of degree "have a little" and "a bit". We find that there are some differences between "a little" and "a bit" of a cross-layer structure. But the degree adverb "have a bit" and "a little" difference is not obvious. Chapter 6th is the conclusion of this paper, the full text is summarized.
【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146

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