关联理论视角下预设的英汉对比研究

发布时间：2018-02-23 18:05

本文关键词： 预设预设触发语关联理论对比研究　出处：《哈尔滨师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：预设最先由德国哲学家弗雷格(Frege)提出来的。起初人们对于预设的研究都是停留在语义层面,认为预设是一种表层的语言结构,是一种语言现象。随着研究的深入,语言学家发现有些预设的问题用语义方法是解释不通的,于是,语用方法很快进入了预设的研究领域,对于预设的研究也丰富了起来。目前研究表明,语义预设和语用预设是预设的两种不同的存在方式,而且是共同存在,相辅相成。语义预设是语用预设的基础,语用预设是语义预设的外在功能的表达。在以往的研究中,人们通常只是对预设现象进行了深入的研究,但是对于预设的英汉对比研究还不多见。本文拟从关联理论的视角下,探讨预设在英汉语篇中的表征,旨在使不同文化背景的人对不同文化下的预设有更全面的理解,进而促进话语的交流,使不同文化间的交际更具有有效性。本文以关联理论为依托,从交际者认知的角度分析话语中预设的建构,以及如何通过最佳关联度使预设的话语达到最好的表达效果。论文的主要研究内容如下： 1.对预设的现象做了细致的研究,区分了预设与断言,蕴含,言外之意等相似概念的差别。对预设及触发语进行了重新的分类。 2.对关联理论进行了深入的解读,对于预设在关联原则视角下的表征进行深入分析,对预设与认知关联的关系进行了深刻的探讨。明确了语用预设和认知语境的内在关联性以及预设与关联期待的关系。在言语交际中,设定预设时最佳关联需要满足的因素,以及使交际顺畅的首要条件。 3.论文对英语语篇中的预设进行比性研究,主要是英汉触发语的对比研究、英汉预设的现象对比,以及英汉高低文化语境下预设的不同表征对比研究。研究表明,预设在汉语高语境和英语低语境的环境中,预设的表现方式存在差异性,究其原因是汉语高语境与英语低语境的文化及知识背景差异对预设有着深刻的影响。从关联的视角看,预设表征的差异性还与话语的语境及关联因素和满足话语的最佳关联度有着密切的关系。本论文研究具有一定的理论和实践意义,在理论方面,本论文从关联理论视域下探讨英汉语用预设,以及英汉高低语境下的不同表征,为本学科研究提供新的研究视角。在实践方面,论文对英汉语篇中的预设进行对比研究,分析英汉语预设表征的不同特点,以及英汉高低语境的不同文化,对跨文化语用研究和文化研究提供一定的启示。
[Abstract]:Presupposition was first put forward by the German philosopher Frege.At first, the study of presupposition was at the semantic level, and presupposition was regarded as a superficial linguistic structure and a linguistic phenomenon. Linguists find that some presupposition problems can not be explained by semantic methods, so pragmatic methods quickly enter the field of presupposition research and enrich the research on presupposition. Semantic presupposition and pragmatic presupposition are two different ways of presupposition, and they exist together and complement each other. Semantic presupposition is the basis of pragmatic presupposition, and pragmatic presupposition is the expression of external function of semantic presupposition. In previous studies, people have studied presupposition phenomena in depth, but there are few contrastive studies on presupposition in English and Chinese. From the perspective of relevance theory, this thesis intends to explore the representation of presupposition in English and Chinese discourse. The purpose is to make people from different cultural backgrounds have a more comprehensive understanding of the presupposition in different cultures, thus promoting the exchange of discourse and making intercultural communication more effective. Based on relevance theory, this paper analyzes the construction of presupposition in discourse from the perspective of communicator's cognition, and how to achieve the best expressive effect of presupposition utterance through optimal correlation degree. The main contents of this thesis are as follows:. 1. The phenomenon of presupposition is studied in detail, and the differences of similar concepts such as presupposition and assertion, implication, implicature and so on are distinguished, and the presupposition and trigger are reclassified. 2. The relevance theory is deeply interpreted, and the preset representation from the perspective of relevance principle is deeply analyzed. This paper probes into the relationship between presupposition and cognitive relevance. It clarifies the relationship between pragmatic presupposition and cognitive context and the relationship between presupposition and relevance expectation. And the first condition for smooth communication. 3. The thesis makes a comparative study of presupposition in English discourse, mainly the contrastive study of English and Chinese triggers, the contrastive study of presupposition between English and Chinese, and the contrastive study of different representations of presupposition in English and Chinese high and low cultural contexts. In the context of Chinese high context and English low context, presupposition has different expression style. The reason is that the cultural and knowledge background differences between Chinese high context and English low context have profound influence on presupposition. The difference of preset representation is also closely related to the context and relevance factors of utterance and the optimal correlation degree of satisfying utterance. The present study is of theoretical and practical significance. In theory, this thesis explores pragmatic presupposition in English and Chinese from the perspective of relevance theory, as well as the different representations of English and Chinese in high and low context. In practice, the thesis makes a contrastive study of presupposition in English and Chinese texts, and analyzes the different characteristics of presupposition in English and Chinese, as well as the different cultures in both English and Chinese context. It provides some enlightenment to cross-cultural pragmatic study and cultural study.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H136;H313

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