满语多义词研究

发布时间：2018-02-23 20:06

本文关键词： 满语多义词共时历时认知　出处：《黑龙江大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：多义词是世界各种语言中普遍存在的一种词汇现象，也是最复杂的语言现象之一。满语里的基础词汇量相对较少，，多义现象特别普遍，所以应该加强满语多义词研究。也正是因为多义词复杂、研究起来困难，所以我们应该多维度地加以考察。本学位论文从共时、历时和认知三个角度探讨满语多义词。首先，本学位论文对满语多义词进行共时分析，确定研究范围、多义词与同音词之间的区别和界定、多义词的语义结构和语境制约性，总结满语多义词和英汉语言多义词之间的共性特征以及满语多义词独特的个性特征。其次，从历时角度分析影响满语多义词词义演变的因素。其中，不仅包括经济形态、政治制度、民族交流、自然环境等客观因素，也包括思维方式、审美情趣、价值观念、宗教信仰、心理感情等主观因素。概括总结满语多义词的词义演变类型和途径以及满汉民族间的文化差异对多义词词义演变的影响。再次，运用认知语义学的理论，特别是原型范畴理论和概念隐喻理论，探讨满语多义词的产生、词义演变机制和语义结构。从词性分类的角度论述隐喻和转喻在满语多义词词义引申过程中的作用。最后，从理论和实践相结合的角度探讨满语多义词在教学、翻译和词典编纂方面的应用价值。其中，着重分析学生隐喻能力的培养和满语词汇的翻译问题。希望通过本学位论文为未来的满语多义词研究提供借鉴，丰富满语的词汇语义研究，对满语研究的理论创建和普通语言学建设有推动作用。
[Abstract]:Polysemy is a common lexical phenomenon in all kinds of languages in the world, and it is also one of the most complicated linguistic phenomena. The basic vocabulary in Manchu is relatively small, and polysemy is especially common. Therefore, we should strengthen the study of polysemous words in Manchu. It is precisely because of the complexity of polysemous words that it is difficult to study them, so we should investigate polysemy in many dimensions. This dissertation discusses polysemous words in Manchu from synchronic, diachronic and cognitive perspectives. First of all, this thesis makes a synchronic analysis of Manchu polysemous words, determines the scope of study, the difference and definition between polysemous words and homonyms, the semantic structure and contextual constraints of polysemous words. This paper summarizes the common features between Manchu polysemous words and English and Chinese polysemous words, as well as the unique individual characteristics of Manchu polysemous words. Secondly, it analyzes the factors that influence the evolution of Manchu polysemous words from a diachronic point of view. Such objective factors as the political system, ethnic exchanges, natural environment, and so on, also include the mode of thinking, aesthetic taste, values, religious beliefs, Subjective factors, such as psychological feelings, summarize the evolution of polysemous words in Manchu and the influence of cultural differences between Manchu and Han nationalities on the evolvement of polysemous words. Thirdly, the theory of cognitive semantics is applied to analyze the meaning evolution of polysemous words in Manchu. In particular, prototype category theory and conceptual metaphor theory are used to discuss the emergence, evolution mechanism and semantic structure of polysemous words in Manchu. The role of metaphor and metonymy in the extension of polysemous words in Manchu is discussed from the perspective of classification of part of speech. This paper discusses the application value of Manchu polysemous words in teaching, translation and lexicography from the angle of theory and practice, and focuses on the cultivation of students' metaphorical competence and the translation of Manchu vocabulary. It is hoped that this dissertation can be used for reference in the future study of polysemous words in Manchu, enrich the lexical and semantic research of Manchu, and promote the theoretical establishment of Manchu study and the construction of general linguistics.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H221

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