从印尼华文教育发展的历史及现状浅析其存在的问题及应对策略

发布时间：2018-02-27 00:05

本文关键词： 印尼华文教育发展史现状存在问题解决策略　出处：《重庆师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：华文教育是一种较为广义的概念。它包括了由中国籍华侨兴办的华侨教育和由所在国华人（具备所在国国籍）兴办的华文教育两种。就印尼的华文教育来说，在1966年以前，中国华侨是兴办印尼华文教育的主要力量，他们创办了华文的私塾、义学乃至近代的华文学校，从定义上来讲，，这段时期的华文教育属于华侨教育。到了1966年，印尼华侨学校被苏哈托政府强行关闭，华侨教育从此消失。之后的印尼华文教育都是由印尼籍华人所承办，成为印尼民族教育的一个组成部分，从本质上来讲，它和华侨教育有着天壤之别。印尼华文教育有着极为曲折坎坷的发展史，它既有着中国传统的封建私塾义学式的旧式华侨教育（1901年以前），又有着1901年到1966年近代的科学的华侨教育以及后来在此基础上逐渐发展起来的由印尼籍华人兴办的华文教育。华侨教育经历了萌芽--发展--中兴--衰落--灭亡的过程，华文教育也经历了萌芽--发展--衰落--复苏的过程。作为东南亚国家之一，印尼的华文教育与东南亚其他国家的华文教育有着较为相似的发展历程，同时由于其历史政治的特殊性又使得其华文教育有着一定的特殊性。纵观全球各国的华文教育发展史，没有哪个国家华文教育像印尼这样复杂曲折。因此，了解印尼华文教育发展史，有助于我们了解东南亚华文教育的发展史，也有助于我们对外汉语教育工作者总结经验教训，推动对外汉语教育的发展繁荣。语言作为人类社会活动交流的一个重要的信息载体，其发展与使用人群、社会、政治等因素息息相关。印尼华文的发展也同样如此，笔者在本文中对印尼华侨华人的发展史也做了较为深入的阐述。近年来,由于华文教育的性质的改变、国际政治形势以及印尼国内政治形势的好转，特别是由于中国国力提升带来的华文价值的增强,使得断层达30多年之久的印尼华文教育又开始迅速复苏，全球一体化浪潮更是使得印尼华文教育迎来一个难得的发展时期。印尼华文教育正朝着政治化、本土化、国际化、多样化的良性轨道发展。但我们依然需要清醒的认识到印尼华文教育还存在较多问题，笔者在2011年作为国家汉办的对外汉语教学志愿者，在印尼开展了近一年的汉语志愿教学工作，对目前印尼华文教育的问题有着较深刻的认识。笔者在文中以个人教学工作的经验感受结合印尼华文教育现状，浅析了印尼华文教育目前存在的主要问题，并对各问题提出了个人的一点看法，希望为印尼华文教育的发展尽自己的一份力量。
[Abstract]:Chinese education is a very broad concept. It includes the establishment of overseas Chinese education Chinese overseas Chinese and Chinese by the host country (with the country of nationality) set up Chinese education two. Chinese education in Indonesia, before 1966, China overseas Chinese is a major force in the Chinese teaching in Indonesia and they set up the Chinese school, free school and modern Chinese school, by definition, Chinese education in this period belongs to the overseas Chinese education. In 1966, overseas Chinese schools in Indonesia has been forced to close the Suharto government, overseas Chinese education disappear. Indonesian Chinese education after all is undertaken by the Indonesian Chinese became a part of the Indonesian national education, in essence, it is a world of difference and the overseas Chinese education.
Chinese education in Indonesia has a history of twists and turns, it has not only Chinese traditional feudal private semantics of old overseas Chinese education style (before 1901), and in 1901 to 1966 in the science of overseas Chinese education and then on this basis, gradually set up by the Indonesian Chinese Chinese the overseas Chinese education. Education has experienced the embryonic development -- -- ZTE - fading process - destruction, Chinese education has also experienced a process of germination, development -- decline -- recovery. As one of the countries in Southeast Asia, Indonesia Chinese education and Chinese education in other countries in Southeast Asia has a similar development at the same time, because of the particularity of it also makes the political history of Chinese education has certain particularity. The history of the development of Chinese education in the world, no Chinese education in which countries such as Indonesia complicated. Therefore, understanding of Indonesia The development history of Chinese education helps us understand the history of Chinese education in Southeast Asia, and also helps us to sum up experience and lessons of TCFL educators, and promote the development and prosperity of TCFL.
Language is an important information carrier for human social activities. Its development is closely related to the factors such as people, society, politics and so on. The development of Indonesian Chinese is also the same. In this paper, I have made a deep exposition of Indonesian overseas Chinese's development history.
In recent years, due to the nature of the Chinese education in the change of international political situation and the Indonesian domestic political situation improved, especially due to the enhancement of China promotion brought Chinese the value of Chinese education in Indonesia has fault for over 30 years and began a rapid recovery, global integration is the Indonesian Chinese education ushered in a rare development period. Chinese education in Indonesia is facing political, localization, internationalization, diversification of the benign track. But we still need a clear understanding of the Chinese education in Indonesia has many problems, teaching Chinese as a foreign language in 2011 as the volunteers Hanban, carried out in Indonesia a year of Chinese volunteer teaching work, the current problems of Chinese education in Indonesia has a more profound understanding. I work with personal teaching experience in the combination of Chinese education in Indonesia This paper analyzes the main problems existing in Chinese education in Indonesia, and puts forward some personal views on all issues, hoping to make every effort for the development of Chinese education in Indonesia.

【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195

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