现代汉语X存在Y句式研究

发布时间：2018-02-27 00:16

本文关键词： “X存在Y” 存在句句式分析　出处：《南京师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文研究的对象是“X存在Y”句式,立足三个平面理论,从句法、语义、语用三个层面对这个句式进行了深入地探究。在句法方面,对此句式进行了分段描写,指出了各段的构成成分及特点。在语义方面,分析了各段的语义特征,并运用认知语言学的理论和方法解释了其空间成分与非空间成分之间的隐喻关系,表存在的非空间成分都是通过容器图示隐喻为空间成分的。依据情景语义学的理论和方法,对该句式从总体上划分为领有、包括、存在三大情景语义关系模式。并将其与部分“有”字句进行了比较,得出“存在(着)句”在表领有时更倾向于负面、消极的意义,在表存在时更倾向于抽象空间存在抽象事物的意义的结论。最后在语用层面,分析了该句式的主题信息特征以及语篇功能。我们根据前人的理论判定“X存在Y”句是一个典型的主题——述题句式,其信息句式也符合普遍的“旧信息——新信息”的句式,并根据其X、Y段的有定无定进一步探讨了其各自所表达的新、旧信息的情况。就语篇功能来说,总结其主要具有表述功能、导入功能、接续功能、总结功能和对比功能。其中在表述功能中,根据实际语料的考察,我们发现其评议功能最强。
[Abstract]:The object of this thesis is "X exists Y" sentence, which is based on three plane theories, and it is deeply explored from three aspects of syntax, semantics and pragmatics. In the aspect of syntax, this sentence pattern is described in sections. In terms of semantics, the semantic features of each paragraph are analyzed, and the metaphorical relationship between spatial and non-spatial elements is explained by means of cognitive linguistics theory and method. The non-spatial elements in the table are all classified as spatial elements through the container diagram metaphor. According to the theory and method of situational semantics, the sentence structure is generally divided into possession, including, There are three models of situational semantic relations. By comparing them with some "you" sentences, it is concluded that "existential" sentences are sometimes more inclined to negative and negative meanings in the table collar. The conclusion that the meaning of abstract things exists in abstract space is more inclined to exist in the presence of tables. Finally, at the pragmatic level, This paper analyzes the thematic information characteristics and textual functions of the sentence pattern. According to the previous theories, we decide that "X existential Y" sentence is a typical theme-declarative sentence pattern, and its information structure is in line with the general sentence pattern of "old information-new information". According to the determinacy of XY paragraph, the paper further discusses the new and old information expressed by them. In terms of discourse function, it summarizes its main functions as expression, introduction and succession. Summary function and contrastive function. Among them, according to the investigation of actual corpus, we find that its evaluation function is the strongest.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146

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