汉语“说”类言语行为标记研究

发布时间：2018-02-28 02:10

本文关键词： 言语行为标记概念支持功能人际支持功能语篇支持功能角色语法语体特征　出处：《华东师范大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：任何话语在本质上都可以说是一种言语行为,“说”则可以说是言语行为最核心的动作,任何言语行为都是“说”的行为,因此本文将以“说”类结构标记为切入点进行研究,力求可以有效反映汉语言语行为基本结构及其标记的基本面貌。对于“说”类结构标记用法的研究,汉语语言学界由来已久。但是以往多是从句法、语义、语用角度进行研究。依据“新言语行为分析”框架,我们认为：“说”类结构标记既可以成为学术已经认识的那样的一种“话语标记”,更可以成为一种我们将要讨论的“言语行为标记”。传统研究认为,语言具有概念、语篇、人际三大“元功能”,但是“话语标记”只承担语篇和人际功能,而与概念功能无关。我们则依据“功能塑造结构,言语行为的根本功能是实现交际意图,这一功能塑造了言语行为的基本结构：‘意图+支持’,其基本结构因此也可以分成两个部分：‘意图性言语子行为’和‘支持性言语子行为’。其中‘支持性言语子行为’又可以称做‘标记性言语子行为’,或者说‘言语行为标记》’”的思路,第一次借助对于“说”类言语行为标记的系统分析,验证了“言语行为标记也具有概念支持、语篇支持、人际支持三大功能”假设的合理性,并且由此对于概念支持、语篇支持、人际支持三大功能内部分类进行了新的探索。传统研究认为话语中“证据来源标记”等都只具有“人际功能”,我们则第一次有效揭示,在本质上这些标记的第一功能应该是对于“命题成立与否”提供支持,是一个命题能否成立是真还是非真的必要条件,因此,应该属于“概念功能”的范畴。传统研究认为人称代词“他”不能进入对话框架,我们则依据“新言语行为分析”框架,有效地证明了“我／你／他+说”中人称的变化完全可能导致言语行为类型的变化。文共分为六章：第一章介绍国内外话语标记研究概况,在此基础上总结话语标记研究存在的主要问题。第二章介绍本文的研究思路。从“新言语行为分析”框架出发对“言语行为标记”进行概念界定,介绍本文的选题意义、核心概念以及文章研究的框架思路。第三章从概念、语篇、人际三大语言支持功能出发讨论“说”言语行为标记的功能。与以往研究不同的是,本文认为言语行为标记不仅具有人际支持功能和语篇支持功能,还具有概念支持功能。我们考察了“说”类言语行为标记的三种支持功能,并对言语行为标记的多功能性进行了简单的探讨。第四章从层次、词类、构式三个角度讨论“说”言语行为标记的结构。在此,归纳了言语行为标记在不同层面的表现形式,探讨了言语行为和言语行为标记之间的关系以及言语行为标记具体的分类情况。分析“说”在不同言语主体作用下发生的功能变化。从言语主体范畴出发,比较了不同言语主体与“说”搭配表现出的不对称性,进一步证明了言语主体存在的可能性,分析言语主体范畴及言语主体类型作为语法范畴成立的可能性。第五章从句法、语篇位置、语体三个方面来讨论“说”类言语行为标记的分布情况,讨论了言语行为标记和语体特征的关系。将主要讨论言语行为标记和语体特征问题,通过对各种语体文本中的言语行为语标记使用情况进行数量统计,来讨论言语行为标语与言语行为类型之间的关系,进而分析语体与言语行为类型的关系。第六章为结语,对全文进行总结回顾。
[Abstract]:Any words in nature can be said is a kind of speech act, "said" can be said to be the core of the speech act of action, any speech act is "said" behavior, so this paper will take "say" type structure marked as a starting point for research, and strive to can effectively reflect the basic features of Chinese language the basic structure and behavior marker. For "study class structure and label, long-standing Chinese linguistics. But the past is from the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic perspectives. Based on the analysis of" new "verbal behavioral framework, we think:" say "type structure markers can be" Discourse Markers "as the academic has been recognized, it can become a we will discuss" speech act markers ". The traditional view holds that language has the concept of discourse, interpersonal three meta functions", but "discourse subject "Only bear the textual and interpersonal functions, but has nothing to do with the concept of function. We are on the basis of the" functional shape structure, the fundamental function of speech acts is to achieve the communicative purpose, the basic structure of the shape function of speech acts: "intention + support", its basic structure and therefore can be divided into two parts: "the intention of verbal behavior" and "supportive verbal behavior". The "supportive verbal behavior" can be called "marked verbal behavior", or "speech act markers > '" ideas, the first with the "analysis system speech act markers, verified" speech act markers also haveideational, discourse support, interpersonal support three functional rationality "hypothesis, and thus to support the concept of discourse, interpersonal support, support the three functions of internal classification of the new exploration of the traditional. Study on the source of evidence in discourse markers "are" interpersonal function ", we first reveal, in essence, the first function of these markers should be the" proposition and support "whether a proposition can be established is true or not necessary, it should be, category belongs to the concept of" function ". The traditional research that the pronoun" he "cannot enter the Dialogue framework, we are on the basis of the" new speech act analysis framework, effectively proved I / you / he + says "in person completely changes may lead to changes in the type of speech act. This paper consists of six chapters. The first chapter introduces the general situation of domestic and international discourse markers, on the basis of summarizing main problems in the study of discourse markers. The second chapter introduces the research ideas of this paper. From the analysis of" "new" words on the frame of the speech act Speech act markers "concept, introduces the significance of the topic, the core concepts and the research framework. The third chapter discourses from concept, interpersonal three language support function discussed" speech act markers. It is different from previous studies, this paper that speech act markers not only has the interpersonal support function and textual support functions, but also haveideational function. We investigated the "" three support functions of speech act markers, and multiple functions of speech act markers was discussed. The fourth chapter from the hierarchy structure, lexical category, type three focuses on "speech act markers. Here, summarizes the speech act markers in different forms, to explore the relationship between speech act and speech act markers and speech act markers specific classification analysis" "In different speech subject under the action of the functional changes. Starting from the main language category, different speech subject and" saying "collocation shows asymmetry, further proved the possibility of the existence of the main speech, the speech subject category and possibility analysis of main language type as a grammatical category was established. In the fifth chapter, from the syntax discourse, position, style three aspects to discuss" the distribution of speech act markers, discusses the relationship between speech act markers and stylistic features. Mainly discusses the speech act markers and stylistic features of the problem, the number of statistics through the use of speech act language markers of various styles in the text, to discuss the relationship between speech act and speech act types of slogans, and analysis of the relationship between style and types of speech acts. The sixth chapter is the conclusion, summarizes the full text review.

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H15

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