论索绪尔语言思想中语言和言语的关系

发布时间：2018-03-11 12:53

本文选题：索绪尔　切入点：语言　出处：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：索绪尔是现代语言学之父，是结构主义的奠基人之一，也是符号学的创始人。他去世后，学生根据他生前的授课内容编辑出版的《普通语言学教程》为20世纪语言思想留下了宝贵的财富。语言和言语是索绪尔语言理论中的一对关键概念，，二者的区分是其语言理论的出发点。本文结合国内外的研究，尤其是最近几年国外的研究，对语言和言语区分中涉及的相关问题进行梳理，理清其理论脉络。本文认为，索绪尔语言和言语的区分是基于十九世纪末二十世纪初社会科学研究的时代精神而形成的，并结合同一时代的涂尔干和弗洛伊德的思想，简要阐述这一时代精神；本文阐述了语言和言语区分的重要性和动机，区分的方法和手段，着重讨论了语言和言语区分中涉及的形式和质料问题的争论，主要介绍了Lyons，Derrida和Harris三位学者针对这一问题的看法；本文还尝试讨论了语言到言语生成过程中形而上学的鸿沟问题，主要涉及对Gasparov提出的索绪尔和早期浪漫主义联系的看法，并回到《普通语言学教程》原文对其加以评述；本文梳理了对语言和言语区分的评价，并选择了Hjelmslev和Chomsky这两个代表性的观点加以说明。
[Abstract]:Saussure was the father of modern linguistics, one of the founders of structuralism and the founder of semiotics. The textbook of General Linguistics, which was edited and published by the students according to his teaching content before his death, left a valuable wealth for the thought of language in 20th century. Language and speech are a pair of key concepts in Saussure's language theory. The distinction between the two is the starting point of their language theory. This paper combines the domestic and foreign studies, especially in recent years, to sort out the relevant issues involved in language and speech differentiation, to clarify its theoretical context. This paper holds that the distinction between Saussure's language and speech is based on the spirit of the era of social science research at the end of 19th century and the beginning of 20th century, and briefly expounds the spirit of the times combined with the ideas of Durkheim and Freud of the same era. This paper expounds the importance and motivation of the distinction between language and speech, the methods and means of differentiation, and emphatically discusses the debate about the forms and materials involved in the distinction between language and speech. This paper mainly introduces the views of Lyonsn Derrida and Harris on this issue, and attempts to discuss the metaphysical gap between language and speech generation, mainly concerning the relationship between Saussure and early romanticism put forward by Gasparov. Then we go back to the original course of General Linguistics to comment on it, and this paper combs the evaluation of language and speech distinction, and chooses Hjelmslev and Chomsky as two representative viewpoints to explain it.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H0

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