形容词生命性的ERPs研究

发布时间：2018-03-14 22:34

本文选题：生命性　切入点：语义次范畴　出处：《江苏师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：词的生命性问题是语言学界和神经科学界讨论的一个热点话题。大多数研究都是从名词的生命性角度出发，研究生命性名词与非生命性名词的加工机制，研究名词论元的生命性在句法加工、动词选择中的作用。形容词是名词重要的修饰成分，参照名词的生命性划分，从语义特征的角度可以将形容词划分为有生形容词、共相形容词和无生形容词，因此，形容词的这种语义特征分类与名词的生命性有着重要的联系。然而在对形容词以及形容词与名词的搭配研究中，研究者关注的是多重修饰形容词的顺序等问题，对形容词的生命性语义特征的研究没有得到足够的重视。本研究旨在讨论生命性语义特征在形容词加工中的作用及形名短语语义次范畴搭配中的选择性限制等。依据生命性语义特征，结合前人的分类，将形容词分为有生形容词、共相形容词和无生形容词，将名词分为有生名词和无生名词，共构建四种形容词次类与名词次类语义相匹配的形名短语和两种语义不匹配的形名短语。它们分别是：A生+N生、A生/非生+N生、A非生+N非生、A生/非生+N非生、A生+N非生、A非生+N生。使用事件相关电位技术对不同生命性形容词与名词搭配所诱发的P2、N400和P600等脑电成分进行了探讨，得出实验结果和研究结论如下：生命性形容词构成的短语与非生命性形容词构成的短语诱发了P2、N400和P600等成分，对这些ERP成分的波幅和潜伏期并结合脑地形图进行分析的结果表明，A生+N生与A生/非生+N生相比，在P2成分上，有生形容词在额叶脑区诱发的P2波幅显著大于共相形容词诱发的波幅（p值为0.001），，在N400成分上，共相形容词在前部脑区诱发的波幅更负，在P600成分上，生命性形容词在中央顶区及右脑诱发的波幅更正（p值为0.004）；A无生+N无生与A生/无生+N无生相比，在P2成分上，无生形容词在前部脑区显著大于共相形容词（p值为0.03），在N400成分上，共相形容词在中央区和额区诱发的N400更负，在P600成分上，无生形容词在双侧颞叶和中央顶区诱发的波幅更正。这些差异均表明，有生形容词、共相形容词和无生形容词之间有不同的脑机制，主要表现在P2、P600成分，形容词的生命性语义范畴的分类有一定的神经基础。形容词的生命性在形容词选择后面的名词中，起着重要的约束和限制作用。A生+N生与A非生+N非生短语相比，在中央区及右部脑区诱发了典型的语义P600，说明生命性作为一个突出性语义特征，能对短语的句法加工产生一定影响。
[Abstract]:The question of the life of words is a hot topic in the field of linguistics and neuroscience. Most studies focus on the processing mechanism of living nouns and inanimate nouns from the perspective of noun life. This paper studies the role of noun argument in syntactic processing and verb selection. Adjectives are important modifiers of nouns. According to the classification of noun liveness, adjectives can be divided into living adjectives from the point of view of semantic characteristics. The semantic characteristics of adjectives are related to the life of nouns. However, in the study of adjectives and the collocation of adjectives and nouns, Researchers pay more attention to the order of multiple modifiers, but not enough attention has been paid to the study of the semantic characteristics of adjectives. The purpose of this study is to discuss the role of the semantic features of life in the processing of adjectives and the selective restriction in the collocation of semantic subcategories of morpheme and noun phrases. According to the semantic features of life and the classification of predecessors, adjectives are classified into living adjectives. The nouns are divided into living nouns and unborn nouns. Four kinds of adjective subclass and noun subclass semantic matching morph-noun phrases and two semantic mismatched morph-noun phrases are constructed. Using event-related potential technique, the P2N400 and P600 components induced by the collocation of different life adjectives and nouns were studied. The experimental results and conclusions are as follows:. The phrases composed of living adjectives and those composed of inanimate adjectives induce elements such as P2N400 and P600. The amplitudes and latencies of these ERP components were analyzed in combination with the brain topographic map. The amplitude of P2 wave induced by possessive adjectives in frontal lobe brain region was significantly higher than that induced by co-phase adjectives (P = 0.001). In N400 component, the amplitude of co-phase adjectives was more negative in the frontal brain region, and in P600 component, there was no significant difference between the two adjectives. The amplitude correction value of life adjectives in the central parietal region and the right brain was 0.004%. In the N400 component, the N400 was more negative in the central and frontal regions, and in the P600 component, it was significantly higher in the anterior brain area than that in the cophase adjective (P = 0.03), in the N400 component, in the central region and the frontal region, the N400 was more negative in the common adjective than in the common adjective. These differences indicated that there were different brain mechanisms among the three adjectives, including P2P600, P2P600, P2P600, P2P600, and P2P600, which were different in the temporal lobe and the central parietal region of both sides, and the differences showed that there were different brain mechanisms among the three adjectives. The classification of the semantic category of adjective life has a certain neural basis. The life of adjective plays an important role in restricting and limiting the noun after adjective selection. Typical semantic P600 has been induced in the central region and the right brain area, which shows that life, as a prominent semantic feature, can affect the syntactic processing of phrases to a certain extent.
【学位授予单位】：江苏师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H042

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