新HSK五级词汇的汉韩比较分析

发布时间：2018-03-17 17:01

本文选题：HSK词汇　切入点：汉字词　出处：《广西大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：韩国跟中国位置很近,韩国受到中国很大的影响。在两千二百年前中国的汉代,当时韩国没有自己的文字,自然而然把中国的汉字当作韩国的文字。朝鲜第四代王世宗’1443年创制了韩国文字“训民正音”,开创了用朝鲜民族独有的文字与汉字并写的历史。但是朝鲜创制韩文之后韩国语的标记仍然使用汉字词。这些汉字词很自然地融入到了现代韩国语。在日常生活中,被使用的汉字词比例已经超过70%。虽然韩国语受到中国汉字词的影响,但是对于学汉语的韩国人来说有利也有弊。因为中国词与韩国汉字词在字形上完全一样,因此学习者认为它们的意思和读音也都是一样的。但是实际上汉语的词和韩国的汉字词意义或语法上不同的比较多,读音也有同有异。这是因为随着时间的推移和社会文化环境的不断变化,韩国的汉字词具备了自己的音义特点。本文从HSK五级词汇中找出和韩语汉字词字形或意义相同的词语,通过对字形或意义相同的韩语的汉字词与汉语词汇比较分析后发现,它们有很多共同点和差异,笔者首先按照字形意义将其大致分成了同形完全同义词、同形部分同义词、同形异义词、同义完全异形词、同义部分异形词等五类,然后对其中的同形完全同义词进行了中韩语音对照,并总结出声母韵母的对应规律。本文共分四部分。第一章,介绍了本文的研究现状以及本文的研究方法与范围。第二章,介绍了韩国汉字词的定义、历史以及由来和特点。第三章,对新HSK五级词汇2,503个词语从形义方面进行了词汇分类与比较分析,是本文的主要部分。在韩中两国汉字词汇对比研究上可分为同形完全同义词、同形部分同义词,同形异义词,同义完全异形词,同义部分异形词。第四章,从语音方面对新HSK五级词汇进行汉韩语音比较。每个汉字都有形、音、义三个部分,所以对汉字词进行词汇分析的时候也要从形、音、义三个方面来进行。虽然韩国的汉字词与对应的汉语词读音不太相同,但是它们的语音有对应性的规律。为了把这些规律应用在对韩国人的汉语教学中,我们对同形完全同义词进行了中韩语音对照,并总结出声母韵母的对应规律。第五章是结论。对HSK五级词汇的汉韩比较研究不但可以加深对韩国汉字词意义和语音特点的认识,而且可以克服韩中两国之间的语言障碍,进而增进两国的语言、文化、历史等多方面的了解。
[Abstract]:South Korea is very close to China. South Korea was greatly influenced by China. In the Han Dynasty of China two hundred years ago, South Korea did not have its own words. Naturally, Chinese characters are regarded as South Korean characters. In 1443, the 4th generation Wang Shizong of North Korea created the Korean character "Xunmin Zhengyin", which created a history of using the unique characters and characters of the Korean nation. But the DPRK created the ROK. After the passage, the marks of the Korean language still use Chinese characters. These Chinese characters are naturally integrated into the modern Korean language. In daily life, The proportion of Chinese characters used has exceeded 70. Although the Korean language is influenced by Chinese characters, there are advantages and disadvantages for Koreans who learn Chinese, because Chinese words are exactly the same in shape as Korean Chinese characters. Therefore, learners think they have the same meaning and pronunciation. But in fact, there are more different meanings or grammatical differences between Chinese words and Korean Chinese characters. This is because with the passage of time and the changing social and cultural environment, Korean Chinese characters have their own phonetic features. In this paper, we find out the same words or meanings of Korean Chinese characters from HSK five levels of vocabulary, and find that they have many similarities and differences through the comparison and analysis of the Chinese characters and Chinese words with the same shape or meaning. First of all, the author divides the synonyms into five categories: complete synonym, partial synonym, synonym, synonym, homonym, synonym, and so on, which are classified into five categories: homonym, homonym, synonym, synonym, synonym and so on. Then the homomorphic synonyms are compared between Chinese and Korean, and the corresponding rules of consonant vowels are summarized. This paper is divided into four parts. The first chapter introduces the present situation of this paper and the research method and scope of this paper. The second chapter introduces the definition, history, origin and characteristics of Korean Chinese characters. In the third chapter, the lexical classification and comparative analysis of 2,503 words in the new HSK five-level vocabulary are made, which is the main part of this thesis. In the contrastive study of the vocabulary of Chinese characters in Korea and China, they can be divided into synonyms of homomorphism and synonyms of homograph, part of synonyms of homomorphism and part of synonyms. Homographs, synonyms, and parts of synonyms. Chapter 4th compares Chinese and Korean pronunciation of the new HSK five-level vocabulary from the perspective of pronunciation. Each Chinese character is visible, sound, and meaning, so the lexical analysis of Chinese characters should also be based on shape and sound. Although the pronunciation of Chinese characters in Korea is not quite the same as that of the corresponding Chinese words, there are corresponding laws in their pronunciation. In order to apply these laws to the teaching of Chinese to Koreans, We compare Chinese and Korean pronunciation of homomorphic complete synonyms and summarize the corresponding rules of consonant vowels. Chapter 5th is the conclusion. The comparative study of Chinese and Korean vocabulary of HSK level 5 can not only deepen the understanding of the meaning and phonetic characteristics of Korean Chinese characters, but also overcome the language barriers between Korea and China, thus enhancing the language and culture of the two countries. An understanding of history, etc.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H55;H13;H11

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