《论语》《孟子》述宾结构语义关系综合考察

发布时间：2018-03-19 16:13

本文选题：《论语》　切入点：《孟子》　出处：《黑龙江大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文以《论语》和《孟子》中的述宾结构作为研究对象，从语法和语义的角度对其进行全面考察。首先在计算机上标注全部的述宾结构，并使用计算机对其进行分类处理，统计结果经过计算得到数据，，作为对比研究的依据。在此基础上分别对两部书中的述宾结构作定量的分析描写。最后，对《论语》和《孟子》中的述宾结构的语义类型进行比较，探讨语义关系异同背后的根源。通过数据统计、描写分析及最后的对比研究，得出结论：《孟子》中的述宾结构是对《论语》的继承与发展。继承体现在：一是每种语义类型的述宾结构的构成成分都比较固定，述语对宾语语义类型的选择同样符合一定的序列。二是《论语》和《孟子》中述宾结构的构成成分、语义关系的类型都大致相同，都反映了先秦古汉语述宾结构的原貌。而发展主要是指《孟子》中述语的义位增加，用法增多；使用复音词述语增多；动词性较弱的述语带宾语的情况也明显增多。宾语更长，结构趋于复杂；宾语语义类型增多。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the object structure in Analects of Confucius and Mencius is taken as the object of study, and it is comprehensively investigated from the perspective of grammar and semantics. First, all the object structures are marked on the computer, and they are classified and processed by the computer. The statistical results are calculated and obtained as the basis of comparative study. On this basis, quantitative analysis and description of the object structure in the two books are made. Finally, The semantic types of the object structure in Analects of Confucius and Mencius are compared to explore the root of the similarities and differences of semantic relations. Through data statistics, descriptive analysis and final comparative research, It is concluded that the object structure in Mencius is the inheritance and development of the Analects of Confucius. The choice of semantic type of object is also consistent with certain sequence. Second, the composition of object structure in Analects of Analects and Mencius, and the types of semantic relations are roughly the same. The development mainly refers to the increase in the meaning and usage of the predicate in Mencius; the increase in the use of polysyllabic words; and the obvious increase in the number of verbs with objects in the weaker verbs. The structure tends to be complex and the semantic types of objects increase.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H141

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