从社会伦理角度看语境对言语交际的影响

发布时间：2018-03-22 11:14

本文选题：语境　切入点：言语交际　出处：《广西师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：语言是一种社会现象。社会是由众多具有思维能力和交际能力的人组成的集体,人类在劳动生产过程中需要沟通和交流,人们说话都是在一定的社会语言环境中组织语言的,语言是一种行为,而不是表达思想的符号,语境和话语理解密不可分。近年来,关于语境研究的论文日渐增多,其中多角度多层次跨学科是突出特点之一,但是语境研究还相对薄弱,学科体系还不够健全,至今还没有一个权威性的科学的语境理论,人们只是逐步认识到它的重要性,语境学仍然是一门年轻的学科。语言是人们的交际工具和思维工具,也是社会文化的缩影和写照,同时也是一种文化现象,它反映着历史文化的内涵,显示着大众文明程度的提高,反映了人们语言伦理观念的变化。当言语主体在组织言语发表议论时,社会道德语境会对其言语建构行为进行善恶判断。此外,在彼此的对话中,特别是双方是陌生人的情况下,语言就成为一面第一印象的镜子,每个言语主体都会注意自己的言语行为是否符合道德语境的制约,他会对对方进行评价,而且他的道德修养也要受到对方的评价。在特定的社会语境中,每一个语言主体一旦选择了一定的社会角色,就选择了相应的言语行为范畴。在双方处于一个时空中,他们会自觉地把话语理解与当时的环境背景结合起来,可以说这种交流更为直接和迅速,但这并不意味着不需要语境的参与,在共时话语理解中,如果语境参与的不够,脱离语境,也会出现理解偏差。近年来全面地探讨语言伦理学与语境的关系的论著日益增多,基本上这些研究还缺乏一个系统性,而且没有具体地探讨社会伦理语境中具体要素对言语行为的制约,本文将从具体的要素分析社会伦理语境中具体要素对言语行为的影响,规范社会言语行为,对大众的语言文明程度提高做一些思考和建议。当代人由于高物质消费,快生活节奏和相对低的精神补给,对于正确使用语言,注意文明用语和礼貌用语的态度逐渐滑坡。规范言语行为可以让我们更加注重自己的语言面貌和提高自己的语言修养。语言素质不仅反映了一个人的思想道德情操,也对人的办事能力和交往能力有重要的作用。加强全民语言素质,维护社会伦理秩序,可以营造良好的生存和发展空间,为我们赢得良好的人际关系。本文的主要考察语料范围大致集中在中国现当代的小说,主要是文革时期到现在当代小说以及剧本等等,关于社会伦理语境的本质属性,实际上还可以做多方面的分析,系统地分析和实践地证明,限于我们的能力,只能做粗略的论述,当然,了解分析这些基本属性,有利于挖掘它的生成依据、理解模式和应用规律,为欣赏和品味中国现当代文学作品语言打开一扇大门。
[Abstract]:Language is a social phenomenon. The society is by the number of thinking ability and communicative competence composed of collective, human need to communicate and exchange in the production process, people are organized in a certain social language environment, language is a kind of behavior, but not the expression of ideas and symbols, context discourse understanding are inseparable. In recent years, the research on the context increasing, the multi angle multi-level interdisciplinary is one of the prominent features, but the study of context is relatively weak, the discipline system is not perfect, has yet to have an authoritative scientific context theory, people are gradually aware of the importance of context. School is still a young discipline. Language is a tool of communication and thinking, is the epitome and reflection of social culture, is also a kind of cultural phenomenon, it reflects the history and culture The connotation of public display, improve the degree of civilization, reflects the changes in people's ethical ideas. When the speech subject comment in the organization of language, social and moral context on the construction of good and evil words behavior judgment. In addition, in dialogue with each other, especially two strangers under the condition of language a first impression of the mirror, each speech body will restrict the moral context of attention with their speech acts, he will be evaluated for each other, and his moral cultivation are influenced by each other. The evaluation in the special social context, every language subject once chose certain social roles, on the choice of the speech act category accordingly. In both sides at a time, they will consciously put the discourse understanding combined with environment background at that time, this can be said to communicate more directly and quickly But this does not mean that there is no need to participate in the context. In the understanding of the synchronic discourse, if the context is not involved enough and the context is divorced from the context, there will be a deviation in understanding.
In recent years, a comprehensive discussion of the relationship between language and context on ethics is increasing, basically these studies still lack a systematic, and there is no specific discussion of social ethics in the context of restricting the specific elements of speech act, the paper will analyze the influence of specific elements of social ethics in the context of speech acts from the specific elements, specification the social behavior of speech, language civilization to the masses make some thoughts and suggestions of contemporary people. Because of the high material consumption, fast rhythm of life and the relatively low spirit of supply, for correct use of language, pay attention to civilized language and politeness norms. Attitude gradually slide speech act can let us pay more attention to the language and improve their their language training. The language quality not only reflects a person's moral sentiments, and also to the person's ability and communication skills are important To strengthen the language quality of the whole people and to maintain the social ethics order, we can create a good space for survival and development and win a good interpersonal relationship for us.
This paper mainly investigates the scope of corpus largely concentrated in the China contemporary novels, mainly the cultural revolution period to the present modern novels and scripts and so on, the nature of social ethical context, it can actually make the analysis, systematic analysis and practice that limited our ability to do only cursory discussion, of course. To understand and analyze these basic attributes, to excavate the formation basis of it, understanding patterns and rules of application, open a door to the contemporary language appreciation and taste China literary works.

【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H136;B82-055.9

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