对《中国日报》和《纽约时报》关于“光伏双反案”报道的批评话语分析

发布时间：2018-03-26 17:08

本文选题：批评话语分析　切入点：意识形态　出处：《福州大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：批评话语分析是一种把语言的社会性作为分析目的的跨学科研究话语的方式,它将语言看作一种社会实践,旨在揭示书面或口头文本中所隐含的意识形态和权利关系。本文选取中美主流媒体代表《中国日报》和《纽约时报》有关“光伏双反案”的新闻报道作为语料,采用费尔克劳夫的三维话语分析模型,对比双方相关报道采用的话语策略,分析这些策略产生的效果,旨在揭示其中隐含的意识形态和权利关系。本研究依次从描述、阐释和解释三个层次对所选语料进行了批评性话语分析。描述阶段的语言学分析内容包括委婉语、隐喻、名词化、预设、情态和文本结构等。阐释阶段,从话语表层要素、话语意义、局部连贯以及文本结构所忽略的组成部分四个方面对话语实践展开研究。在解释阶段,将文本与社会实践相联系,分析了引起文本形式特征和话语实践差异的根本原因,即社会文化实践方面的差异,揭示了双方报道中蕴含的不同意识形态和权利关系。研究结果显示,为了达到各自的目的,双方报道采用了不同的话语策略。《中国日报》相关报道的话语策略呈现了中方在争议中的理性和冷静的语气,凸显关税反对者的声音,使民众听到有利于本国的言论,将摩擦归咎于对方的不公平“贸易保护主义”政策,提升己方言论的可信度和说服力,尽量避免和减少双方权利关系中于己不利的因素以维护合作关系和贸易大局。同时,也通过使用负面性的评价词语,明确地表示了对不公平关税的抗议。《纽约时报》相关报道的话语策略旨在凸显事件的对抗性,将摩擦归咎于对方的“非法补贴”政策,隐匿关税的发起者和施加者,尽量突出双方权利关系中己方受到的损失和采取补救措施的必要性,诱导民众支持关税。同时,也通过传递中美双方的声音,试图显示言论的中立性。双方报道中采用的话语策略彰显的是各自在这一事件上的思想意识形态,即维护各自的政治和经济利益。《中国日报》的话语策略对内试图引导民众的观点和态度,对外既表达了维护国家利益的立场,又显示出和平解决争端、实现合作共赢的愿望。《纽约时报》的话语策略对内试图缓和国内利益矛盾,对外显示强硬立场,表达坚决采取贸易制裁措施维护国家利益的决心。
[Abstract]:Critical discourse analysis (CDA) is an interdisciplinary way to study discourse, which regards the sociality of language as the purpose of analysis. It regards language as a kind of social practice. The purpose of this paper is to reveal the relationship between ideology and rights implied in written or oral texts. In this paper, the main media representatives of China and the United States, China Daily and the New York Times, are selected as data. By using Faircroft's three-dimensional discourse analysis model, we compare the discourse strategies adopted by both parties and analyze the effects of these strategies in order to reveal the relationship between ideology and power. At the three levels of interpretation and interpretation, critical discourse analysis is carried out on the selected corpus. The linguistic analysis in the descriptive stage includes euphemism, metaphor, nominalization, presupposition, modality and text structure. Discourse practice is studied in four aspects: discourse meaning, local coherence and the components neglected by text structure. In the stage of interpretation, the text is connected with social practice. This paper analyzes the fundamental causes of the differences in text form and discourse practice, that is, the differences in social and cultural practice, and reveals the different ideologies and rights relations contained in the reports between the two sides. The results show that, in order to achieve their respective goals, The two sides have adopted different discourse strategies. The discourse strategies in the relevant reports of the "China Daily" show the rational and calm tone of the Chinese side in the controversy, highlight the voice of the tariff opponents, and make the public hear statements in favor of their own country. To blame the friction on the other party's unfair "trade protectionism" policy, enhance the credibility and persuasion of their own statements, and try to avoid and reduce the negative factors in the bilateral rights relationship in order to safeguard the cooperative relationship and the overall situation of trade. Through the use of negative evaluation terms, the protest against unfair tariffs was clearly expressed. The New York Times report's discourse strategy was aimed at highlighting the antagonism of events, blaming friction on the other side's "illegal subsidy" policy. The initiators and enforcers of the concealment tariff will try to highlight the losses suffered by themselves and the need to take remedial measures in the bilateral relations of rights, so as to induce the public to support the tariff. At the same time, by passing on the voice of both China and the United States, Trying to show the neutrality of the speech. The discourse strategies used by both sides of the report highlight their respective ideologies on the matter. That is, to safeguard their respective political and economic interests. The discourse strategy of the "China Daily" tried to guide the people's views and attitudes internally, expressing not only the stand of safeguarding the national interests, but also showing the peaceful settlement of disputes. The discourse strategy of the New York Times tries to ease the contradictions of domestic interests, show a tough stand and express the determination to take trade sanctions to safeguard the national interests.
【学位授予单位】：福州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H136;H313

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