“以来”和“以后”的多角度研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 11:31

本文选题：以来 + 以后　；参考：《华中师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：“以来”和“以后”被认为是现代汉语的两个方位词,两个词语都经常做后附成分组合成时间结构。留学生在使用中常常出现表达失误,既存在把“以来”和“以后”混用的情况,也存在“以来”和“以后”与其他词语的混用。本文从共时、历时和对外汉语教学的角度对“以来”和“以后”进行全面的梳理。文章一共有五个章节：第一章绪论,交待了文章选题的缘起、研究现状、研究的理论方法以及语料的来源。第二章是共时平面的研究。首先,从句法的角度,分析了“以来”和“以后”的句法表现和句法功能,把“以来”和“以后”在现代汉语中的句法表现分为三类：单用、进入“PX以来／以后”介词框架和“X以来／以后”结构。其次,对“以来”和“以后”时间结构了进行了语义分析。我们从语义的角度把“X”分为时点型、时段型和时点+时段型三类,并分析了各自的语义特点。在此基础上,我们还分析了“以来”和“以后”时间结构对于后续句的语义制约,以及“PX以来／以后”前置介词的隐现规律。最后,从语用的角度指出了“以来”和“以后”预设触发的差异。第三章是从历时的角度对“以来”和“以后”的考察。本章先结合历时语料分析了“以来”和“以后”的历史变化,然后在此基础上结合词汇化和语法化理论提出了“以来”和“以后”词汇化的机制：隐喻、脱落和重新分析。第四章是对“以来”和“以后”对外汉语教学角度的考察。我们利用中介语理论和偏误分析理论对留学生出现的语法偏误进行分类,把它们分为：添加、遗漏和替代三大类。在此基础上我们分析了偏误产生的原因并提出了相应的教学建议。第五章是对全文结论的一个总结。
[Abstract]:"since" and "after" are regarded as two locative words in modern Chinese, both of which are often combined into temporal structures.In the use of foreign students, there are often errors in expression, not only in the mixed use of "since" and "later", but also in the mixed use of "since" and "later" with other words.In this paper, synchronic, diachronic and teaching of Chinese as a foreign language point of view to "since" and "after" comprehensive comb.There are five chapters in the article:The first chapter introduces the origin of the topic, the research status, the theoretical methods and the source of the corpus.The second chapter is the study of synchronic plane.First of all, from the syntactic point of view, the syntactic expression and syntactic function of "since" and "later" are analyzed, and the syntactic expressions of "since" and "later" in modern Chinese are divided into three categories: single use.Enter PX since / after preposition frame and X since / after structure.Secondly, it analyzes the time structure of "since" and "after".From the semantic point of view, "X" is divided into three types: time point type, time period type and time point type, and their semantic characteristics are analyzed.On this basis, we also analyze the semantic constraints of the time structure of "since" and "later" on the subsequent sentences, as well as the rules of the preposition of "PX since / after".Finally, the paper points out the difference of presupposition trigger between "since" and "after" from pragmatic point of view.The third chapter is from the diachronic point of view of "since" and "after" investigation.This chapter first analyzes the historical changes of "since" and "after" with diachronic data, then puts forward the mechanism of lexicalization of "since" and "after" on the basis of lexicalization and grammaticalization: metaphor, exfoliation and reanalysis.The fourth chapter is to examine the angle of teaching Chinese as a foreign language.We use the theory of interlanguage and the theory of error analysis to classify the grammatical errors of foreign students, and divide them into three categories: addition, omission and substitution.On this basis, we analyze the causes of errors and put forward corresponding teaching suggestions.The fifth chapter is a summary of the conclusion.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

【参考文献】