对外汉语教材生词英文注释存在的问题及由此导致的习得偏误

发布时间：2018-04-14 23:23

本文选题：对外汉语教材 + 生词表　；参考：《吉林大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：对外汉语教材作为中华文化传播的载体之一,在传播中华语言、文化的过程中起到了重要的作用。在对外汉语教学中，教材是学生学习汉语的第一手材料，而教材中的英文注释便是母语非汉语学生学习汉语词汇的主要媒介，所以，英语注释的准确与否，直接影响着学生的汉语学习效果。教材生词表的英译是一个完整教学周期的先行者，符合两种语言规律的英文注释有助于学习者在“正迁移”作用下，顺利构建中介语。本文即针对当前对外汉语教材英文注释存在的问题展开研究，以期提出合理建议，尽量减少因词汇英文注释不当对汉语学习者造成的影响。本文首先进行了现状分析，通过详细分析并对比部分有代表性的对外汉语教材，总结出了当前对外汉语教材词汇英文注释的三大类方式，即：（1）语素注释法；（2）按义项处理生词的英文注释方式；（3）对生词使用范围加注或其它各类翻译方法。通过对教材英文注释方式的分析，归纳出不同教材英文注释方式的特点，也发现了其中存在的问题。并以北京语言大学出版社出版的《汉语教程》为主要范例，通过对教材词汇表英文注释的逐一统计、研究，，找出了教材中英文注释存在的问题，并将这些问题归类为（1）教材编写导致的问题；（2）词汇注释在语义方面存在的问题；（3）在语法方面存在的问题；（4）在语用方面存在的问题。为了增强文章的说服力，笔者还将部分有代表性的目标词在HSK动态作文语料库中进行了检索，找到了相关的偏误案例，结合笔者在实践中遇到的留学生常见偏误，总结出了留学生习得偏误和教材存在的英文注释问题有一定的相关性。为了提高教材英文注释质量，帮助留学生尽量减少习得偏误的发生，文章提出了相关建议，包括：纠正教材编写错误；适当注释语素、合并词条，并把握语素、字、词相结合的注释方式；增加中、英文注释法等减少或避免在语义、语法、语用方面存在的注释问题；利用各种辅助方式注释生词表；建立相关网站；转化学术界成果等方式来完善教材的英文注释。
[Abstract]:As one of the carriers of Chinese culture, teaching materials play an important role in the process of spreading Chinese language and culture.In teaching Chinese as a foreign language, textbooks are the first-hand materials for students to learn Chinese, and the English notes in the textbooks are the main media for non-Chinese native language students to learn Chinese vocabulary.It has a direct effect on students' Chinese learning.The translation of new words into English is the forerunner of a complete teaching cycle. English annotation in accordance with the law of two languages can help learners to construct interlanguage smoothly under the function of positive transfer.This paper focuses on the problems existing in the English annotation of Chinese as a foreign language textbook in order to put forward some reasonable suggestions to minimize the influence of improper vocabulary annotation on Chinese learners.This paper firstly analyzes the present situation and summarizes the three kinds of English annotation of vocabulary in the current textbooks by analyzing and comparing some representative textbooks of Chinese as a foreign language in detail.(2) the English annotation method of processing new words according to the meaning is added to the scope of use of new words or other kinds of translation methods.Based on the analysis of the English annotation methods of the textbooks, the characteristics of the English annotation methods of different textbooks are summed up, and the existing problems are also found.Taking the Chinese course published by Beijing language and language University Press as the main example, through the statistical analysis of the English annotation of the glossary of the textbook, this paper finds out the problems existing in the English and Chinese annotation of the textbook.These problems are classified as 1) the problem caused by the compilation of the textbook 2) the semantic problem of lexical annotation and 3) the grammatical problem 4) the pragmatic problem.In order to enhance the persuasiveness of the article, the author also searched some representative target words in the HSK dynamic composition corpus, and found relevant error cases, combined with the common errors encountered by the author in practice.It is concluded that there is a certain correlation between the errors in the acquisition of foreign students and the English annotation problems in the textbooks.In order to improve the quality of English annotation and to help foreign students minimize the occurrence of acquisition errors, this paper puts forward some suggestions, including: correcting the errors in the compilation of textbooks, properly annotating morphemes, merging entries, and grasping morphemes and characters.The annotation method of combining words; adding Chinese and English annotation methods to reduce or avoid annotation problems in semantic, grammatical and pragmatic aspects; using various auxiliary ways to annotate the new words list; establishing relevant websites;Transform academic achievements and other ways to improve the English textbook annotation.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.4

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