日本学生汉语语音偏误分析及教学对策

发布时间：2018-04-15 05:10

本文选题：日本学生 + 汉语语音　；参考：《山东师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：日本学生在学习汉语语音时往往会有一些具有普遍性的、规律性的问题或偏误。这些具有日本民族特色的偏误现象有助于对日汉语教师在进行语音教学中更有针对性，有助于提高日本学生汉语语音学习的效率。本篇论文主要分为四大部分。第一部分是论文的绪论部分，主要从研究的意义与目的，研究的理论依据，本文的研究方法，对日汉语语音教学研究综述,其中综述主要分为两个部分，第一部分主要是为近三十年来我国对日汉语学者进行的两国语音比较与日本学生语音偏误分析状况做了整理，另一部分则主要整理了近三十年来对日本学生语音教学提出的一些教学方法与策略。最后是本文的创新点。第一部分绪论是对本篇论文做一个大体的介绍。第二部分是日汉语音的比较，主要包括汉日元音对比，汉日辅音对比，汉日声调对比和汉日音节对比。语言对比是研究两国语言的基础，更是找出日本学生在汉语语音学习中的重点与难点的关键。元音、辅音、声调是语音的三个基本组成部分，音节是语音的主要表现形式，只有将这四个部分的差异理顺才有可能为日本学生在汉语学习时为什么总出现普遍的偏误找出原因。第三部分是日本学生汉语学习偏误，这一部分又可以分为两个部分。一部分是对偏误进行分析，也就是对偏误先进行表面的分析，主要是阐释日本学生在汉语语音的学习过程中都出现了什么样的偏误现象。主要有以下几个方面：日本学生声母偏误分析；日本学生韵母偏误分析；日本学生声调偏误分析；日本学生语流偏误分析。其中对日本学生语流方面的分析是本篇论文的创新点，因为日常交流不是只使用一个字就能完成的，而是需要形成语流或者说句子。在语流中，日本学生的语音偏误一般会被放大。对日汉语教师如果能做到从宏观的角度着眼，从语流或句子中发现日本学生的语音偏误，，应该会在纠正日本学生的语音偏误方面找到更多的突破口。第二部分则是找出日本学生出现这些偏误的原因。本篇论文对日本学生进行偏误分析的工作，最后还是希望对日本学生的语音教学提供一些帮助，但要想提出更合乎教学现状的对策，就必须先准确分析出学生出现偏误的原因。第四部分是整篇论文的中心点与落脚点，对日本学生的汉语语音进行偏误分析的目的就是找出原因然后运用于教学中，从而帮助学生学好汉语语音。所以第四部分就是关于语音教学的思考和方法探究。本篇论文从教学安排，教学手段，《汉语拼音方案》的教学和使用，掌握好发音位置，掌握好送气与不送气的区别，掌握前鼻音韵母和后鼻音韵母的区别，对学生声调进行指导等几个方面提出了教学改进的意见。
[Abstract]:Japanese students often have some common and regular problems or errors in learning Chinese pronunciation.These errors with Japanese national characteristics can help Japanese Chinese teachers to have more pertinence in phonetic teaching and to improve the efficiency of Japanese students' Chinese phonetic learning.This thesis is divided into four parts.The first part is the introduction of the paper, mainly from the significance and purpose of the study, the theoretical basis of the study, the research methods of this paper, the summary of the Japanese Chinese pronunciation teaching research, which is divided into two parts.The first part is mainly for the recent 30 years of Chinese scholars in Japan and the two countries of phonological analysis of the situation of Japanese students to make a collation.The other part mainly arranges some teaching methods and strategies put forward to Japanese students' phonetic teaching in the past 30 years.The last is the innovation of this paper.The first part of the introduction is a general introduction to this paper.The second part is the comparison of Japanese and Chinese pronunciation, including Chinese and Japanese vowels, Chinese and Japanese consonants, Chinese and Japanese tones and Chinese and Japanese syllables.Language contrast is the basis of studying the two languages, and it is also the key to find out the emphasis and difficulty of Japanese students in Chinese phonetic study.Vowels, consonants and tones are the three basic components of speech. Syllable is the main form of speech.Only by straightening out the differences among the four parts can we find out the reasons why Japanese students always appear common errors in learning Chinese.The third part is the error of Japanese students' Chinese learning, which can be divided into two parts.Part is the analysis of errors, that is, the superficial analysis of errors, mainly to explain the Japanese students in the process of learning Chinese pronunciation what kind of errors.There are the following aspects: Japanese students' initial error analysis; Japanese students' vowel error analysis; Japanese students' tone error analysis; Japanese students' flow error analysis.The analysis of Japanese students' language flow is the innovation of this paper, because the daily communication is not only completed with one word, but also needs to form the language flow or sentence.In the flow of speech, the phonetic bias of Japanese students is usually amplified.For Japanese Chinese teachers, if they can find out the phonetic errors of Japanese students from the perspective of macroscopical perspective and from the flow of speech or sentences, they will find more breakthrough points in correcting the phonetic errors of Japanese students.The second part is to find out the causes of these errors.In the end, this thesis hopes to provide some help to Japanese students' phonetic teaching, but if we want to put forward more suitable countermeasures, we must first analyze the reasons of students' errors.The fourth part is the central point and the foothold of the whole thesis. The purpose of analyzing Japanese students' Chinese phonetic errors is to find out the reasons and then apply them to the teaching to help the students learn Chinese pronunciation well.So the fourth part is about phonetic teaching thinking and method exploration.In this paper, the teaching arrangement, teaching means, the teaching and use of the Chinese phonetic phonetic program, the position of pronunciation, the difference between exhalation and non-exhalation, and the difference between the vowels of the former nasal sounds and the vowels of the posterior nasal sounds are grasped.Some suggestions on teaching improvement are put forward in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

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