中国大学生三语学习者元语言意识实证研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 10:23

本文选题：元语言意识 + 三语学习者　；参考：《山东农业大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：三语习得是一个相对较新的应用语言学研究领域，是以心理语言学和社会语言学为基础发展而来的。以往的研究结果表明在特定条件下，额外学习一种语言不仅对语言能力的发展，而且对认知和社交能力的发展都有益处。并且两种语言能力的发展可以提高元语言意识水平和其它认知能力水平。根据Bialystok和Ryan的观点，元语言意识包括两个认知过程：分析和控制。双语者具有普遍的控制优势；而在分析能力方面，只有那些两种语言水平都高的双语者才会在更侧重分析性语言知识的任务中表现出优势。然而，目前关于大学生三语学习者元语言意识的研究较少，大多数研究都是在欧洲语境中进行的，在中国语境下针对大学生三语学习者的元语言意识的研究几乎没有。因此，本研究以以往研究成果为基础，采用Bialystok的控制和分析理论对中国大学生三语学习者的元语言意识基本状况进行研究，，并探讨这些三语学习者先前掌握的两种语言的水平对其日后元语言意识的影响。具体研究问题如下：（1）在大学学习一年半之后，大学生二语学习者和三语学习者的元语言意识水平如何？（2）二语学习者和三语学习者的元语言意识水平在多大程度上存在差异？（3）三语学习者先前掌握的两种语言的语言水平与其元语言意识水平是否相关？本研究根据2011年山东省高等学校入学考试的英语和语文成绩，从山东省的三所高校的大二学生中选出研究对象，其中三语学习者180人，二语学习者60人。三语学习者由60名英语专业学生，60名日语专业学生和60名朝鲜语专业学生组成。研究设计以定量研究为主、定性研究为辅。在定量研究方面，使用元语言能力测试量表-3来衡量三语学习者和二语学习者的元语言意识水平。在定性研究方面，通过半结构式访谈来了解研究对象对语言学习的意识和观点。这部分结果作为定量研究的补充。定量研究的数据均使用SPSS16.0软件进行分析和处理。描述性统计反映了研究对象的元语言意识现状；通过独立样本t检验探明了二语学习者和三语学习者元语言意识上的差异；采用皮尔逊相关分析考察了三语学习者先前掌握的两种语言的水平与其元语言意识水平之间的关系；最后再次使用独立样本t检验探明高水平三语学习者和低水平三语学习者在元语言意识上的差异。研究结果表明：（1）中国高校大学生三语学习者元语言意识水平明显高于二语学习者；（2）三语学习者的元语言意识和他们先前掌握的两种语言的语言水平存在显著正相关关系，但相关系数偏低；（3）高水平三语学习者和低水平三语学习者在元语言意识方面存在显著差异，前者具有显著的元语言意识优势。
[Abstract]:Third language acquisition (SLA) is a relatively new field of applied linguistics, which is based on psycholinguistics and sociolinguistics.Previous studies have shown that extra language learning is beneficial not only to the development of language competence but also to the development of cognitive and social abilities under certain conditions.And the development of two language abilities can improve the level of meta-language awareness and other cognitive abilities.According to Bialystok and Ryan, meta-linguistic consciousness consists of two cognitive processes: analysis and control.Bilinguals have a general control advantage, while in terms of analytical ability, only those bilinguals with high proficiency in both languages will have an advantage in the task of focusing more on analytical language knowledge.However, there are few researches on the meta-linguistic awareness of college students. Most of the studies are carried out in the European context, but there is little research on the meta-linguistic awareness of college students in the Chinese context.Therefore, based on the previous research results, this study uses Bialystok's control and analysis theory to study the basic status of Chinese college students' meta-linguistic awareness.This paper also discusses the influence of the proficiency of these two languages on their meta-linguistic awareness in the future.Specific research issues are as follows:(1) after one and a half years of college study, what is the level of metalinguistic awareness of second and third language learners among college students?(2) to what extent are there differences in the level of metalinguistic awareness between L2 and L3 learners?(3) is the level of language proficiency of the two languages previously mastered by trilingual learners relevant to their level of meta-linguistic awareness?According to the English and Chinese scores of Shandong Province College entrance examination in 2011, the research subjects were selected from the sophomore students of three universities in Shandong Province, including 180 trilingual learners and 60 second language learners.Trilingual learners consist of 60 English majors, 60 Japanese majors and 60 Korean majors.The research design is based on quantitative research, while qualitative research is secondary.In quantitative research, the meta-language proficiency scale-3 was used to measure the level of metalinguistic awareness of L3 and L2 learners.In terms of qualitative research, semi-structured interviews are used to understand the subjects' awareness and views on language learning.This part of the results as a supplement to the quantitative study.The quantitative data are analyzed and processed by SPSS16.0 software.Descriptive statistics reflect the status of meta-linguistic awareness of the subjects, and the differences in meta-linguistic awareness between L2 and trilingual learners are explored by independent sample t-test.Pearson correlation analysis is used to examine the relationship between the level of the two languages previously mastered by trilingual learners and their level of metalinguistic awareness.Finally, the independent sample t test was used to find out the differences of meta-linguistic awareness between high-level and low-level trilingual learners.The results show that the level of meta-linguistic awareness of Chinese college students is significantly higher than that of second language learners. There is a significant positive correlation between the meta-linguistic awareness of trilingual learners and the language proficiency of their previous two languages.However, the correlation coefficient is relatively low. (3) there are significant differences between the high level trilingual learners and the low level trilingual learners in meta-linguistic awareness, and the former has significant meta-linguistic awareness advantages.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H09

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