东乡语与兰州方言实施道歉之语用对比研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 10:42

本文选题：跨文化语用学 + 濒危语言　；参考：《兰州大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：结合Blum-Kulka等人(1989)在“跨文化言语行为实现研究项目’'(CCSARP)中的相关研究,本研究重点考查东乡语道歉策略,并将其同兰州方言中道歉语语用策略进行对比,挖掘两者之间的异同。历数国内外跨文化语用学的相关研究成果,关于东乡语和兰州方言中道歉策略的对比研究几乎没有。因此,在一定程度上,本研究具有丰富和发展跨文化语用学研究的意义。另外,东乡语是世界濒危语言之一；本研究记录、分析东乡语中道歉语的使用情况,对东乡语的保护及拯救工作具有一定的作用；并可望为濒危语言保护及拯救工作尽绵薄之力。本研究的方法涉及定量与定性研究两种。调研步骤包括：采访、录音录像、角色扮演及问卷调查。调查对象是分别从东乡自治县锁南坝镇、甘肃皋兰县石洞镇随机选择出的本族语使用者,即东乡语本族语者和操兰州方言的汉族人。最终参加大规模问卷调查的共有520人,其中东乡族青年男性130人,青年女性130人；汉族青年男性130人,青年女性130人,年龄均在18-30岁之间。最终各组得到120份有效问卷,共480份。本研究考查在不同情境下东乡语本族语使用者选择道歉策略的情况,并将其与兰州方言的道歉策略进行对比。研究内容包括三个方面：性别因素对东乡语本族语使用者选择道歉策略的影响；冒犯程度大小对东乡语本族语使用者选择道歉策略的影响；东乡语与兰州方言道歉策略的对比。研究结果表明：(1)性别因素和冒犯程度的大小对东乡语道歉策略产生影响。比如,东乡青年男性选择“给予”策略比青年女性更为频繁,而青年女性选择“解释”策略比男性频繁；(2)在某些情境下,冒犯程度大小这一因素会对东乡语道歉策略产生影响。例如,在冒犯程度相对较低时,东乡语使用者倾向于选择“解释”策略；而在选用“给予”策略方面,冒犯程度大小不会产生影响,这是因为“给予”策略更多地受到了具体情境的影响,这样的情境主要指道歉者对被道歉者造成了可以给予补偿的损失,如将他人的贵重物品丢失等。(3)东乡语和兰州方言在选用道歉策略时既存在相似之处,又存在不同之处。相似点主要是对“间接道歉”策略的使用。这一策略不管是东乡语还是兰州方言,都被普遍地使用。不同之处则体现在两种语言道歉策略的具体频率和排列顺序方面。如,东乡族女青年比兰州女青年选择“解释”策略较多,而兰州女青年选用“给予”策略比东乡女青年频繁。两种语言选用道歉策略存在异同的原因从社会、文化等因素进行了逐一仔细地分析讨论。
[Abstract]:Based on the research of Blum-Kulka et al. 1989 in the Intercultural speech Act realization Project, this study focuses on the investigation of the apology strategies in Dongxiang dialect, and compares them with the pragmatic strategies in Lanzhou dialect to explore the similarities and differences between them.There are few comparative studies on apology strategies in Dongxiang dialect and Lanzhou dialect.Therefore, to some extent, this study has the significance of enriching and developing cross-cultural pragmatics.In addition, Dongxiang language is one of the endangered languages in the world.It is expected to contribute to the conservation and rescue of endangered languages.The methods involved in this study are quantitative and qualitative.Research steps include: interviews, audio and video recordings, role-playing and questionnaires.The subjects were randomly selected native speakers from Suonanba Town, Dongxiang Autonomous County and Shi Dong Town, Gaolan County, Gansu Province, that is, native speakers of Dongxiang dialect and Han nationality speaking Lanzhou dialect.A total of 520 people, including 130 young men and 130 young women in Dongxiang nationality, 130 young men and 130 young women in Han nationality, aged between 18 and 30, participated in the questionnaire survey.Finally, each group received 120 valid questionnaires, a total of 480.This study examined the situation of native speakers of Dongxiang dialect choosing apology strategies in different situations and compared them with those in Lanzhou dialect.The research includes three aspects: the influence of gender factors on the choice of apology strategies for native speakers of Dongxiang dialect; the influence of the degree of offense on the choice of apology strategies for native speakers of Dongxiang dialect; and the comparison between Dongxiang dialect and Lanzhou dialect.The results show that the gender factor and the degree of offense affect the apology strategy of Dongxiang dialect.For example, young men in Dongxiang choose "give" strategies more frequently than young women, while young women choose "explain" strategies more frequently than men.For example, when offending is relatively low, Dongxiang speakers tend to choose the "explain" strategy, while in choosing the "give" strategy, the degree of offence does not affect.This is because the "give" strategy is more influenced by the specific situation, which mainly refers to the compensatory loss caused by the apologizee.For example, there are similarities and differences between Dongxiang dialect and Lanzhou dialect in the choice of apology strategy.The similarities are mainly about the use of the indirect apology strategy.This strategy is widely used in both Dongxiang dialect and Lanzhou dialect.The difference lies in the frequency and order of apology strategies in both languages.For example, Dongxiang women choose more "explanation" strategies than Lanzhou women, and Lanzhou women choose "give" strategies more frequently than Dongxiang girls.The reasons for the similarities and differences between the two languages in choosing apology strategies are analyzed and discussed one by one from social, cultural and other factors.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H172.2;H233

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