曲阜村庄名的语言学研究

发布时间：2018-04-25 12:26

本文选题：文化 + 语言本体　；参考：《曲阜师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：党的十八大报告中明确提出文化是民族的血脉，是人民的精神家园，要扎实推进社会主义文化强国建设。地名，在人们的生活中起着巨大的作用，它不仅承担着指称功能，更承载着中华民族悠久的历史文化，而村庄名又是地名的重要组成部分，因此对村庄名的研究势在必行。人们对地名的研究层出不穷，也涉及到了语言学的很多角度。曲阜作为孔子故里，其村庄名与其他地方相比，具有其特有的文化和语言特色。在加大农村建设的当今社会，村庄名逐渐被社区、街道代替，原本的村庄名文化正在渐渐消失。本文拟对曲阜村庄名从语言及认知角度进行研究，希望可以借此来加深人们对曲阜的了解，保留村庄名命名时的意义，保护村庄名这种特殊的文化形式，帮助我们更好的认识我们的生活环境。本文将对搜集到的曲阜的361个村庄名，从语言学角度进行定量定性分析。论文的第一部分主要介绍论文的选题缘由和意义，以及研究现状和语料来源。第二到第五部分为论文的主体部分，其中第二部分主要介绍曲阜村庄名的语言本体特征。第三到第五部分，将村庄名划分为通名、专名和区别性成分，并分别分析了它们的在村庄名中的位置、种类和数量、词汇选择，并从认知语言学的角度解释了它们各自词汇选择的原因。第六部分，是对全文的总结，并在前文的基础上提出了自己的研究所存在的不足之处。曲阜村庄名在语言本体特征为：在语音上，以三音节为主，多为超韵律词，大多数用字为宏量级，而且平声字多于仄声字，与其他地名区别不大；在结构上，以偏正结构为最多，其中也有不少方位结构、联合结构等，这与其他地名也大同小异。在位置上，通名和专名均为半自由成分，通名只能出现在专名的后面，而在其他一些地名中，通名和专名的位置是自由的，没有位置限制；区别性成分在村庄名中是自由的，可以出现在任何位置。在词汇选择方面，在通名中，以“村”和“庄”为通名的村庄最多，专名的词汇选择形式多种多样，其中以“姓氏+家+村/庄”为结构的村庄名为最多；在区别性成分中，以“东”和“西”为区别性成分的村庄名最多，另外还有许多以身体部位隐喻而成的准方位词。文章还借助认知语言学的意象、范畴理论，以及隐喻、转喻模式对曲阜村庄名的成名理据进行了分析。本文的不足之处在于文章所选取的语料有限，一些合并的村庄不在本文的研究范围之内，，这就造成了文章的一些局限性，而且在对村庄名的认知角度的分析中，并不能完全准确的对村庄名的成词过程进行准确具体的描绘。
[Abstract]:In the report of the 18th National Congress of the CPC, it was clearly pointed out that culture is the blood of the nation and the spiritual home of the people, and it is necessary to promote the building of a socialist cultural power in a down-to-earth manner. Place name plays a great role in people's life. It not only bears the referential function, but also bears the long history and culture of the Chinese nation, and the village name is an important part of the place name, so it is imperative to study the village name. People's research on place names is endless, also involves many angles of linguistics. Qufu, as the hometown of Confucius, has its unique cultural and linguistic characteristics compared with other places. In today's society of increasing rural construction, village names are gradually replaced by communities and streets, and the original village name culture is gradually disappearing. This paper intends to study Qufu village name from the perspective of language and cognition, hoping to deepen people's understanding of Qufu, preserve the meaning of village name naming, and protect the village name as a special cultural form. Help us to better understand our living environment. In this paper, 361 village names collected from Qufu are quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed from a linguistic point of view. The first part of the thesis mainly introduces the reason and significance of the topic, as well as the status quo of the research and the source of the corpus. The second part is the main part of the thesis, the second part mainly introduces the linguistic features of Qufu village name. From the third to the fifth part, the village name is divided into general name, proper name and distinguishing component, and their position, type and quantity, vocabulary choice in the village name are analyzed respectively. From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, this paper explains the reasons for their choice of vocabulary. The sixth part is a summary of the full text, and on the basis of the above, put forward the shortcomings of our own research. Qufu village name is characterized by three syllables in pronunciation, most of which are superrhythmic words, and most of them are macroscopical, and the flat sound characters are more than the narrow ones, which are not different from other place names. Most of them are biased structures, among which there are many azimuth structures, joint structures and so on, which are similar to other geographical names. In terms of location, generic names and proper names are semi-free components, and generic names can only appear after proper names, while in some other geographical names the location of generic names and proper names is free and there is no location restriction; the distinguishing elements are free in village names. Can appear anywhere. In terms of lexical choice, "Village" and "Zhuang" are the most common names of villages, and the forms of proper names are various, among which the names of villages with family name / village structure are the most. The names of villages with "east" and "west" as distinguishing elements are the most, and there are also many quasi-locational words metaphorically made up of body parts. The paper also analyzes the famous motivation of Qufu village name with the help of cognitive linguistics image, category theory, metaphor and metonymy model. The deficiency of this paper lies in the limited number of corpus selected in this paper, and the combination of some villages is not within the scope of this study, which leads to some limitations of the article, and in the analysis of the cognitive angle of village name, It is not completely accurate to describe the process of word formation of the village name accurately and concretely.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H136

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