语境和构词法线索对外国学生汉语词义猜测的作用

发布时间：2018-05-02 02:15

本文选题：语境 + 构词法　；参考：《心理学报》2012年01期

【摘要】：要求学习汉语的欧美和日本留学生对三种条件下(只有词没有语境、只有语境没有词、既有词也有语境)的语义半透明的双音复合词进行猜测,考察语境和构词法线索在欧美和日本留学生汉语生词猜测中的作用。结果显示:在猜测词义中语境和构词法线索分别都能提供一定的信息,但同时提供两种信息能得到更好的猜测;语境和构词法线索在生词猜测过程中所起的作用不同,语境能提供更多句法上的信息,构词法能提供更多语义上的信息;目标词的结构方式对生词猜测产生影响,与动宾式生词相比,偏正式生词的猜测较为容易且构词法线索在其中的作用较大;母语文字背景可能影响词义猜测的效果,日本留学生对于构词法、语境线索以及两者的整合都比欧美留学生好。
[Abstract]:European, American and Japanese students studying Chinese are asked to speculate on semitransparent binosyllabic compound words under three conditions (only words without context, only context without words, both words and contexts). This paper examines the role of context and word formation clues in the speculation of new words in Chinese by European, American and Japanese students. The results show that context and word formation clues can both provide certain information, but at the same time, the two kinds of information can be better guesses, and context and word formation clues play different roles in the process of word formation. Context can provide more syntactic information and word-formation can provide more semantic information. It is easy to guess the partial formal new words and the clue of word formation plays an important role; the background of native language may affect the effect of word meaning guess. The Japanese students are better at word formation, context clues and the integration of the two than those of European and American students.
【作者单位】：北京语言大学对外汉语研究中心;北京外国语大学中国语言文学学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(2009JJD740004) 北京语言大学“十一五”规划项目(07YB01)支持
【分类号】：H195

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