“唯补词”产生与演变初探

发布时间：2018-05-05 13:54

本文选题：唯补词 + 次类变换　；参考：《温州大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文研究的重点是古代汉语中的唯补词。从历时角度出发，探究唯补词的演变路径，并从大量的语言事实中归纳出演变过程中的致变因素，，总结唯补词演变的特征。本文重点是以下四部分： 1.唯补词的分类（第一章），本章从语义来源角度将唯补词分为七小类。来自于获取义、看视义、持拿义、成就义、附着义、完结义和趋向义，在每一小类我们将列举具有代表性的唯补词。 2.唯补词的演变路径探讨（第二章），这部分我们将从七个小类出发，以典型唯补词为例进行产生过程的具体性分析。唯补词产生的过程中，主要受到结构的复杂化和对举格式的影响。在结构的复杂化中主要考虑动词、名词的次类变换，前状语或后补语的出现等等，也有通过结构的简单化萌生的唯补词。不同的唯补词致变因素不同。 3.唯补词的继续语法化（第三章），这部分我们将列举唯补词继续语法化的三个方向：助词、词缀、介词。唯补词阶段并不是终结点，语法演变是一个连续统，而唯补词只是一个过渡的阶段。 4.唯补词的来源和演变过程中的结构变化（第四章），这一部分借鉴我们前文的分析，从另一角度将唯补词的来源分为动词和介词两个大类，源于不同词类的唯补词演变过程中结构的变化不同，来源于动词的唯补词主要经历了：一是“主谓——述宾”的结构变化；二是“并列/连动——述补”的结构变化；三是“述宾——述宾”的结构变化。来源于介词的唯补词主要经历了：主要经历了“述补结构——述宾结构”的演变。本文所述唯补词较为全面，但仍未穷尽所有的唯补词，这也是本文的一大遗憾，但可以肯定的是，在语法化的演变路径中，我们添入唯补词阶段对于语法系统的完整性具有重大的意义，对其他唯补词的研究也具有借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:The emphasis of this paper is on the complement words in ancient Chinese. From a diachronic point of view, this paper explores the evolution path of only complement words, and sums up the causes of change in the process of evolution from a large number of linguistic facts, and summarizes the characteristics of the evolution of only complement words. This paper focuses on the following four parts: 1. The classification of complement-only words (Chapter 1, Chapter 1, this chapter classifies only complement words into seven subcategories from the perspective of semantic sources. From the acquisition of righteousness, look at the visual meaning, holding the meaning, into the death, attachment to the meaning, end and trend, in each subcategory we will enumerate representative complement words. 2. In Chapter two, we will start from seven subcategories and take the typical complement word as an example to analyze concretely the process of producing only complement words. In the process of producing only complement words, they are mainly influenced by the complexity of structure and the format of lifting. In the complexity of structure, the verb, the subclass transformation of nouns, the appearance of anaphora or post-complement and so on are mainly considered, and there are only complements that sprout through the simplification of structure. Different complementary words cause different factors. 3. The continuation of grammaticalization of complement words (Chapter 3, this part, we will enumerate the three directions of continued grammaticalization of complement words: auxiliary words, affixes, prepositions. The complement-only stage is not the end point, and the grammatical evolution is a continuum, while the complement-only word is only a transitional stage. 4. The origin of complement words and the structural changes in the process of evolution (Chapter IV, this part draws on our previous analysis, from another point of view, the source of complement words can be divided into two categories: verbs and prepositions. The structural changes of complement words derived from different parts of speech are different, and the complement words derived from verbs mainly undergo: first, the structural changes of "subject-predicate", (2) the structural changes of "juxtaposition / continuous live-predicate", (2) the change of the structure of complement words from verbs: (1) the structural changes of "subject-predicate"; The third is the structural change of the object-object. Only complement words from prepositions mainly experienced: mainly experienced the evolution of "narration complement structure-predicate object structure". The complement words mentioned in this paper are more comprehensive, but they are still not exhaustive. This is also a great regret in this paper, but it is certain that in the evolution of grammaticalization, It is of great significance for the integrity of the grammatical system to add complement-only words to the study of other complement-only words.
【学位授予单位】：温州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H141

【参考文献】