英语母语者汉语结果补语结构习得研究

发布时间：2018-05-09 11:08

本文选题：动结式 + “得”字句　；参考：《北京大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：本研究旨在探讨英语为母语的学习者对汉语结果补语结构的习得情况，汉语中的结果补语结构是指动结式和“得”字句。与前人的研究不同，本文主要考察了一类以非施事做主语、表致使义的动结式句子；同时，引入“得”字句作为其参照句式。我们试图回答以下三个问题：1.英语母语者对不同语义结构的动结式的习得情况是否有所不同；2.名词短语的生命度对句式的习得有何影响；3.英语母语者对“得”字句的习得情况是否显著优于动结式。本文以句子的可接受性判断测试为研究工具，对36名英语母语者和101名汉语母语者（控制组）进行了测试。其中，英语母语者根据其汉语水平分为两组：中级组16人，高级组21人。本研究有以下发现：1.对于最典型的动结式（“及物动词+非宾格动词”的组合）句子，随着水平的提高，英语母语者能够完全习得；2.不论是英语被试还是汉语母语者，都对违反/不违反生命度层级的两类句子做出了截然不同的判断；3.汉语母语者对“得”字句的接受程度显著高于动结式，，而没有任何一组的英语学习者有类似的表现。由此本文认为：“及物动词+非宾格动词”是动结式的原型，最易习得；生命度层级在某种程度上确实对句法有限定作用；英语母语者未能习得“得”字句的语义。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study is to explore the acquisition of Chinese resultant complement structures by native English learners, which refer to verb junctions and "de" sentences. Different from previous studies, this paper mainly investigates a class of verb-resultant sentences with non-agent as subject, and introduces the word "de" as its reference sentence. We tried to answer the following three questions: 1. Whether the acquisition of verb-resultant in different semantic structures is different among native English speakers? How does the life of noun phrase affect the acquisition of sentence patterns? The acquisition of "de" sentences by native English speakers is significantly better than that of verb-resultant sentences. Using the sentence acceptability judgment test as the research tool, this paper tests 36 native English speakers and 101 Chinese native speakers (control group). English native speakers were divided into two groups according to their Chinese proficiency: intermediate group (16) and advanced group (21). This study has the following findings: 1. For the most typical verb-resultant sentence ("transitive verb unobjectifying verb") sentence, with the improvement of the level, the native English speaker can learn completely. Both the English subjects and the native speakers of Chinese made very different judgments on the two types of sentences that violate or do not violate the level of life. Chinese native speakers' acceptance of "de" was significantly higher than that of verb-resultant, and no group of English learners had similar performance. Therefore, this paper holds that transitive verbs are the prototype of transitive verbs, which are the most easy to be learned; to some extent, the level of life degree does have a limited effect on syntax; and the native English speakers fail to acquire the semantics of the sentence.
【学位授予单位】：北京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

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