评价理论下中西方媒体眼中的中国形象对比分析

发布时间：2018-05-11 21:34

本文选题：评价理论 + 中国形象　；参考：《天津理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来，随着经济快速发展，中国在世界上的影响力显著提升，在政治、经济、文化等各个方面，都有着举足轻重的地位。基于经济基础决定上层建筑的原则，在综合国力提高的同时，我国在世界上的话语权地位也在逐渐的变化着。评价理论是马丁等学者对韩礼德系统功能语法三大元语言功能中人际功能研究的扩展。这一理论系统改变了仅从语气和情态来研究语言人际功能的局限，为人际意义的研究提供了新的视角。评价系统关注说话者/作者用来表达特定的评价立场和与实际的或潜在的应答者协商这些立场的词汇语言资源。马丁把词汇评价资源做了范畴化描写，，并归纳为三个评价次系统：态度、介入、和级差。它们又可以分别次系统化。以国家领导人在公共场合的讲话为蓝本,本文作者收集了近几年中西方两大代表性媒体对其的评论性报道，共计10篇。运用评价理论对这些两大不同来源语篇素材中介入资源分部情况进行了对比分析，并对其历时性变化进行了总结。通过研究发现： 1.在选取的两大媒体的新闻语篇中，对话扩张的运用要多于对话收缩，这一现象在中方报道中尤为明显，进而体现出中国是具有较强包容性的大国。 2.在对话性收缩这一子系统中，中方在否认资源的运用上，远远少于西方媒体，而这一现象也体现了中国对待国际经济发展积极乐观的良好形象。而西方媒体对否定资源的大量运用，则对中国形象的塑造起到了一个反面作用，容易引起读者对中国的错误认识，削弱中国官方言论的威信度，使中国形象背负上自大、不切实际的评价。而在对话性扩张中，中西方媒体都大量运用摘引这一资源；于中方而言，这能更好的体现负责任的大国形象，于西方媒体而言，这能使报道更加地客观，并给读者留有空间。 3.通过对语篇材料的历时性研究，中西方媒体在介入系统资源运用上的变化趋势平稳，但是峰值数据处于相反的变化方向。总体而言，从新闻报道中，乐观、友好、积极向上的、有责任感、有权威性的大国形象被体现了出来，而一些对中国的刻板印象仍然存在，对于中国良好形象的质疑及误解时有发生，这些都应当引起注意。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid economic development, China's influence in the world has improved significantly, in the political, economic, cultural and other aspects, have a pivotal position. Based on the principle that the economic base determines the superstructure, while the comprehensive national strength is improved, the status of our discourse power in the world is gradually changing. The theory of evaluation is an extension of the study of interpersonal function in the three meta functions of Halliday's systemic functional Grammar by Martin and other scholars. This theory system changes the limitation of studying language interpersonal function only in terms of mood and modality, and provides a new perspective for the study of interpersonal meaning. The evaluation system focuses on the lexical and linguistic resources used by the speaker / author to express specific evaluation positions and to negotiate these positions with actual or potential respondents. Martin classifies lexical evaluation resources into three sub-systems: attitude, intervention, and gradation. They can also be subsystematized. Based on the speeches made by national leaders in public, the author has collected 10 critical reports from two representative western media in recent years. Based on the theory of evaluation, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the involvement of resources in these two different sources of discourse material, and summarizes the diachronic changes. The study found that: 1. In the selected news discourse of the two major media, the use of dialogue expansion is more than dialogue contraction, which is especially evident in Chinese reports, which shows that China is a big country with strong inclusiveness. 2. In the dialogue contraction subsystem, China denies the use of resources far less than the Western media, and this phenomenon also reflects China's positive and optimistic image of international economic development. However, the massive use of negative resources by Western media has played a negative role in shaping the image of China, which easily causes readers to misunderstand China, weakens the prestige of China's official speech, and makes the image of China bear the burden of arrogance. An impractical evaluation. In the process of dialogue expansion, both Chinese and western media use this resource in large quantities; for the Chinese, it can better reflect the image of a responsible power; for the western media, it can make the report more objective and leave room for readers. 3. Through the diachronic study of discourse materials, the trend of media intervention in the use of systematic resources is stable, but the peak data is in the opposite direction. In general, from news reports, the image of a big country that is optimistic, friendly, positive, responsible and authoritative is reflected, while some stereotypes of China still exist. Questions and misunderstandings about China's good image occur from time to time and should be noted.
【学位授予单位】：天津理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G212;H315;H15

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