从现代化发展的视角来思考双语教育

发布时间：2018-05-14 02:07

  本文选题：少数民族的现代化 + 民族分层　； 参考：《北京大学教育评论》2012年03期

【摘要】：在一个多民族国家的现代化进程中,拥有自己语言文字的各少数民族如何参与到国家的经济和社会发展事业中,并使本民族在各领域得到充分发展,对于实现民族平等和巩固国家统一都非常重要。本文首先从社会学"民族分层"的角度,以新疆维吾尔自治区人口普查数据为案例讨论了中国的"民族分层"现状,提出只有当各少数民族的职业结构与汉族的职业结构大致相似时,才能在相同程度上参与中国社会、经济、文化发展事业,并具有相似的社会影响力和话语权。从计划经济体制过渡到市场经济体制后,少数民族劳动者和大学毕业生的就业在很大程度上取决于劳动力市场对就业者的语言和业务能力的要求,而汉语能力和使用汉语掌握专业知识的能力已经成为他们就业和发展的瓶颈。本文还以自治地区3所大学图书馆的藏书为例,说明汉语文出版物提供的知识信息是少数民族不应忽视的重要知识来源,也是各少数民族进入现代化发展进程的重要渠道,应该从少数民族实现现代化的角度来看待今天各少数民族自治区推行的双语教育工作。最后作者讨论了当前在我国推动双语教育过程中应当注意的几个问题。
[Abstract]:How, in the process of modernization of a multi-ethnic country, ethnic minorities with their own languages and characters can participate in the economic and social development of the country and enable their peoples to fully develop in all fields, It is very important to realize national equality and consolidate national unity. This paper first discusses the present situation of "ethnic stratification" in China from the angle of sociological "ethnic stratification", taking the census data of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region as a case study. It is proposed that only when the occupational structure of the ethnic minorities and the Han nationality is approximately similar, can they participate in the social, economic and cultural development of China to the same extent, and have similar social influence and right of speech. After the transition from a planned economy to a market economy, the employment of ethnic minority workers and university graduates depends to a large extent on the requirements of the labour market for the language and professional abilities of the employed. Chinese ability and the ability of using Chinese to master professional knowledge have become the bottleneck of their employment and development. This paper also takes the collections of three university libraries in autonomous areas as an example to show that the knowledge information provided by Chinese language publications is an important source of knowledge that should not be ignored by ethnic minorities, and is also an important channel for minority nationalities to enter the process of modernization development. The bilingual education carried out by the ethnic minorities autonomous regions should be viewed from the perspective of the modernization of ethnic minorities. Finally, the author discusses some problems that should be paid attention to in the process of promoting bilingual education in China.
【作者单位】： 北京大学社会学人类学研究所;
【分类号】：H2;H102
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本文编号：1885833