复杂数词的句法结构研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 03:09

本文选题：复杂数词 + 句法结构　；参考：《湖南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本论文以复杂数词为研究对象,试图对复杂数词的句法结构做出统一规定。论文反对把带名词的数词当作数词的基本结构,并指出复杂数词本身构成独立的句法成分。在已有的关于复杂数词的研究中,最具代表性的当属IoninMatushansky在2006年针对包含加法和乘法的复杂数词的句法结构所做的研究。基于一些语言中,例如俄语和芬兰语,数词赋格这一现象,IoninMatushansky(2006)提出:1)数词不是一个独立的句法成分,带名词的数词才是数词的基本形式,数学意义上的数词是经过名词化操作得来的;2)复杂数字不是一个个固定的词汇,而是在句法中构建。复杂数词的构成是渐进式的,通过反复循环的选择一个名词性的投射作为其补语。IoninMatushansky理论的最大缺陷在于其狭隘性。格特征并不是一个普遍的语言现象,不具有普遍的说服力。在本论文中,IoninMatushansky关于复杂数词句法结构的理论将被运用到汉语普通话,闽方言(海南黄流话和宁德方言)和中国其他少数民族语言(纳西语,傣语,侗语,黎语,仫佬语,景颇语,布依罗缅语和白语)中进行检验。这些语言中并不存在格特征,并且,根据其出现的语言环境的不同,一些数词往往呈现两种或两种以上的形式,这为我们检验IoninMatushansky的理论提供了很好的素材。通过将IoninMatushansky的理论运用到以上语言中发现:IoninMatushansky对复杂数词的句法结构的理论是行不通的,不能对以上语言中一些数词的用法做出合理的解释。基于此,本文提出:1)IoninMatushansky理论中把带名词的数词作为数词的基本结构这一假设是站不住脚的。复杂数词本身构成一个词组,是可以单独存在的句法成分;2)复杂数词是根据X-bar理论构建的词组。由于汉语中数词系统的完整性和规律性,论文将以汉语普通话中的复杂数词为例,对复杂数词的句法结构进行具体的描述。同时,本文还对汉语普通话中的“十万”“百万”“千万”进行了讨论,是否它们是像“十”“百”“千”“万”一样的单位,还是是复合词。
[Abstract]:Taking complex numerals as the object of study, this thesis attempts to make a unified regulation on the syntactic structure of complex numerals. This paper disagrees to regard numerals with nouns as the basic structure of numerals and points out that complex numerals constitute independent syntactic elements. Among the existing researches on complex numerals, the most representative one is IoninMatushansky's research on the syntactic structure of complex numerals including addition and multiplication in 2006. Based on the fact that in some languages, such as Russian and Finnish, the noun fugue is not an independent syntactic element, the noun is the basic form of numerals. Numerals in mathematical sense are derived from nominalization) complex numbers are not fixed words, but are constructed in syntax. The composition of complex numerals is gradual. The biggest defect of the theory of complex numerals is its parochialism by choosing a nominal projection as its complement. The case feature is not a universal linguistic phenomenon and does not have universal persuasion. In this thesis, Ionin Matushansky's theory on the syntactic structure of complex numerals will be applied to Mandarin, Fujian dialect (Hainan Huangliu dialect and Ningde dialect) and other minority languages in China (Naxi, Dai, Dong, Li, Mulao). Jingpo, Buyroman and White are tested. There are no case characteristics in these languages, and according to the different language environments, some numerals often present two or more forms, which provides a good material for us to test the theory of IoninMatushansky. By applying IoninMatushansky's theory to the above languages, it is found that the theory of the syntactic structure of complex numerals is not feasible in the case of the theory of ": I onin Matushansky", and the usage of some numerals in the above languages cannot be explained reasonably. Based on this, the assumption that numerals with nouns are regarded as the basic structure of numerals in the theory of "1: 1" Ionin Matushansky is untenable. Complex numerals constitute a phrase, which is a syntactic component that can exist separately. (complex numerals are constructed according to X-bar theory. Because of the integrality and regularity of numerals system in Chinese, the syntactic structure of complex numerals is described in detail by taking the complex numerals in Mandarin as an example. At the same time, this paper also discusses the "100,000", "millions" and "tens of millions" in Chinese mandarin, whether they are the same units as "ten", "100", "thousands", "thousands", or compound words.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H146.3

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