从手部动词到口部动词的历时演变研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 22:10

本文选题：手部动词 + 口部动词　；参考：《江西师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：动词语义演变一直是动词研究的热点。在汉语中，有些表示手部动作义的动词，逐渐衍生出了口部动作义，甚至言说义。它们的动词语义经历了由具体到抽象的演变，并且路径明显。第一至第五章，对大量衍生口部动作义的手部动词进行历时研究，归纳出了手部动词到口部动词的演变路径。在此，本文将手部动词到口部动词的演变路径大致归为五类：第一，手部动词→口部动词（无言说义）→口部动词（带言说义）→言说动词；第二，手部动词→口部动词（带言说义）→言说动词；第三，，手部动词→言说动词；第四，手部动词→口部动词（无言说义）→口部动词（带言说义）；第五，手部动词→口部动词（无言说义）。从手部动词到口部动词的语义演变过程中，手部动词的手部动作义逐渐虚化，产生口部动作义，甚至言说义。相应的，宾语也经历了由具体到抽象的变化，宾语类型不再局限于具体物品，还包括了口腔部位、思想活动、言语名词等。第六章中，笔者对手部动词到口部动词的历时演变进行了认知方面的理论解释。从手部动词到口部动词的历时演变与语言认知密切相关。隐喻机制是引发这种语义演变的关键。当一些手部动词具备了语义冲突和相似性作用这两个基本条件时，隐喻机制就可能产生效力，让部分手部动词发展出言说义，将这些动词的语义范畴扩大到言域。当一部分产生言说义的手部动词彻底脱离对言说名词或其他言说动词的依赖，得以独立表达言说义时，我们就可以判定这部分手部动词正式产生了言说动词功能。本文对手部动词到口部动词的研究所采用的方法是系统考察、类比分析；从认知、隐喻机制入手解释有关语义历时演变的内在动因，这两点是本文的创新处。希望本文的研究结论能为动词语义研究增添一丝新意。
[Abstract]:The semantic evolution of verbs has always been a hot topic in verb research. In Chinese, some verbs that express the meaning of hand action have gradually derived the meaning of oral action, even the meaning of speech. Their verb semantics have evolved from concrete to abstract, and the path is obvious. In the first to fifth chapters, the author makes a diachronic study on a large number of hand verbs derived from the meaning of oral action, and concludes the evolution path from hand verbs to oral verbs. In this paper, the evolution path of hand verb to oral verb is classified into five categories: first, the hand verb with mouth part verb (no verbal meaning) and mouth part verb (with the meaning of speech); second, The hand verb is a verbal verb; fourth, the hand verb is a verbal verb (without a meaning); the fifth one is a verbal verb with a verbal meaning; a fifth, a verbal verb with a verbal meaning. A verb in the hand. In the process of semantic evolution from hand verbs to oral verbs, the hand action meanings of hand verbs gradually become empty, resulting in oral action meanings and even verbal meanings. Correspondingly, the object also experienced the change from concrete to abstract, the object type is no longer limited to the concrete object, but also includes the oral part, the thought activity, the speech noun and so on. In the sixth chapter, the author explains the diachronic evolution of hand verbs to oral verbs. The diachronic evolution from hand verbs to oral verbs is closely related to language cognition. Metaphor mechanism is the key to the semantic evolution. When some hand verbs have two basic conditions of semantic conflict and similarity, the metaphorical mechanism may be effective, allowing some hand verbs to develop their semantic meaning and expand their semantic category to the lexical domain. When a part of the hand verb that produces the verbal meaning is completely separated from the dependence on the verbal noun or other verbal verb and can express the verbal meaning independently, we can judge that the hand verb has formally produced the verbal verb function. In this paper, the methods used in the study of hand verbs to oral verbs are systematic investigation, analogy analysis, cognitive and metaphorical mechanisms to explain the internal causes of semantic diachronic evolution, which are the innovations of this paper. It is hoped that the conclusion of this paper will add a new meaning to the study of verb semantics.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H14

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