《说文》二徐反切研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 23:03

本文选题：《说文》二徐反切 + 异形同音　；参考：《广西师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：论文以徐锴《说文解字系传》、徐铉《说文解字》校订本反切为研究对象,在前人已有研究基础上,以《广韵》(少数与《集韵》)为参照,对《说文》二徐反切的异同进行考察。论文由四章组成：第一章,绪论。简述前贤对《说文》二徐反切的研究概况、二徐《说文》的版本、论文的研究方法和思路、反切材料的取用原则以及二徐反切格式。第二章,列出二徐相同反切,统计二徐与《广韵》相同的反切,得出二徐反切性质。第三章,比较二徐异形反切。二徐异形反切由异形同音和异形异音两节组成,得出二徐反切的不同。异形同音二徐反切的比对,呈现出两条音变信息：一是全浊声母的变化信息。全浊字的反切,小徐多以今送气音切今送气音,以今不送气音切今不送气音,可以认为是晚唐全浊音消变的前奏。二是资思韵的独立。止摄齿头音的反切,小徐以齿头音切齿头音,资思韵独立。而大徐反切对晚唐宋初正在反生的这两条音变现象较少反映。异形异音部分,根据韵书所收二徐反切的数目,将字目分为“单音”“多音”两类： “单音”字目,比对二徐反切,小徐反切声纽上反映了唇音轻唇化、浊音清化、影喻相混以及疑母混入影母等变化,韵类上反映了部分韵部合并现象,声调上显现出全浊上声向去声演变的迹象。大徐对以上现象反映较少,甚至仍存舌上音的类隔切。由此,我们认为小徐反切比大徐反切更反映时音,大徐反切或多存古音。对于“多音”类字目,我们从二徐反切对应的韵书意义异同角度比较二徐反切的不同。异音同义的比较中,鉴于前贤对唐代语音的研究,结合反切比较结果,我们发现：二徐反切一部分是新旧音的差异,一部分可能是方音与通语的区别,剩下的部分可能是异读。异音异义部分,我们参考《广韵》或《集韵》等后出韵书的音义匹配,推测二徐反切的不同可能是由注切者对音义匹配关系认识不同所致。第四章,结语。对论文的考察内容概括总结,提出笔者对二徐反切不同的认识。论文的主要特点是：用材料客观比对,参考前贤研究资料,对二徐反切的不同进行了相对系统地揭示。
[Abstract]:This paper takes Xu Kai's "Shuo Wen Jie Zi Biography", Xu Hyun's "Shuowenjie word" revision as the research object, and on the basis of previous studies, with "Guangyun" (few and "Ji Yun") as the reference, makes an investigation on the similarities and differences of "Shuowen > two Xu's reverse tangent". The thesis consists of four chapters: Chapter one, introduction. This paper briefly describes the general situation of the research on the reverse tangent of Erxu, the version of Erxu, the research methods and ideas of the paper, the principle of using the reverse tangent material and the format of the reverse tangent of Erxu. In the second chapter, the same reverse tangent of Erxu and Guangyun are listed, and the reverse tangent properties of Erxu are obtained. In the third chapter, we compare the inverse tangent of Erxu special-shaped. The reverse tangent of Erxu special-shaped is composed of two sections of heteromorphic homonym and special-shaped disyllabic, and the difference of Erxu reverse tangent is obtained. There are two information of sound change: one is the change information of the whole turbid consonant. The reverse tangent of the whole turbid word, Xiao Xu more with this breath sound cut this breath sound, with this no breath sound cut this air sound, can be considered as the late Tang Dynasty complete turbid tone change prelude. The second is the independence of Zisiyun. The reverse-tangent of the stop-tooth head sound, small Xu to the tooth head sound cut the tooth head sound, Zishi rhyme independently. But Daxu reverse tangent reflected the two phonetic changes in late Tang and Song Dynasty. According to the number of two verses received in rhyme books, the specialties are divided into two categories: "monosyllabic" and "polyphonic" "monosyllabic" characters, compared with the second Xu reverse tangent, the small Xu reverse tangent button reflected the changes of lip tone light lip, turbid tone clearing, shadow mixing and suspicious mother mixing into the shadow mother, and the rhyme category reflected the phenomenon of partial rhyme merging. The tone shows signs of the evolution of the whole turbid upper voice to the sound of the disappearing sound. Daxu reflects little on the above phenomenon, and even has the kind of intersecting on the tongue. Therefore, we think that small Xu reverse tangent is more reflective than big Xu reverse tangent, big Xu reverse tangent or more ancient sound. For the category of "polysyllabic", we compare the difference of the meaning of Erxu reverse tangent from the point of view of the similarities and differences of the meaning of the rhyme book corresponding to the reverse tangent of Erxu. In the comparison of different sounds and synonyms, in view of the former Xian's research on Tang Dynasty pronunciation and the result of contrastive tangential comparison, we find that the part of Erxu reverse tangent is the difference between old and new sounds, the other part may be the difference between local pronunciation and Tongyu, and the remaining part may be different reading. In the disyllabic part, we refer to the phonetic matching of the rhyme books such as "Guang Yun" or "Ji Yun", and infer that the difference of Erxu's reverse tangent may be caused by the different understanding of the phonetic matching relationship between the injectors and the cutters. Chapter four, conclusion. This paper summarizes the contents of the investigation, and puts forward the author's different understanding of Erxu reverse tangent. The main features of this paper are that the differences of the reverse tangent of Erxu are revealed systematically by using the objective comparison of materials and referring to the research data of the former sages.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H113

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