陕西留坝话重叠、附加等构词和构形方式研究

发布时间：2018-05-23 14:39

本文选题：留坝话 + 重叠式　；参考：《华侨大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：留坝县地处陕西省汉中市北部，秦岭南麓腹地，汉江上游。清初建置以前，一度为荒野之地，人迹罕至。由于境内沟壑纵横，山岭重叠，对外交通不便，留坝话在受到普通话和周边方言影响的同时，既有对古汉语的保留，又形成了自身多样而富有表现力的语言特色。留坝话有23个声母、36个韵母、4种调类，属于西南官话川黔片陕南小片。留坝话的构词方式非常丰富，重叠作为一种重要的语法手段，除了构词构形，，区别语义外，还具有“调量”的功能。后缀“子”附在普通名词后可构成新词，并表示小称，它和AA式重叠结构组合后表达事物目前所处的状态，用在某些词语后则带有厌恶、不喜欢等感情色彩。“儿”缀除附加在名词后可以构词外，在语用上与“子”形成对立，表达喜爱、亲切的色彩意义。“子”和“儿”在汉语词汇发展史的轨迹基本相同，但由于发生的时间不同，“儿”在某种程度上与“子”在语言结构中互补，并在一定范围内接替了“子”的功能。留坝话中ABB式形容词的重叠后缀BB以摹状、比喻、比拟、通感等修辞方式与词根A构成新词，既生动形象，又具有鲜明的感情色彩，增强了语言的表达效果。留坝话自感结构中的动词或形容词在与语素“人”组合之后，形成了一个新的结构体，并表现出特定的语法关系和语义关系，它由带致使意义的述宾结构演化而来，是古汉语使动结构在现代汉语方言中的保留和折射。
[Abstract]:Liuba County is located in the northern part of Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province, the hinterland of the southern Qinling Mountains and the upper reaches of the Hanjiang River. Before the early Qing Dynasty, it was once a wilderness. Because of the internal gully, the overlapping of mountains and mountains, and the inconvenience of foreign transportation, Liuba dialect is influenced by Putonghua and its surrounding dialects. At the same time, it not only retains the ancient Chinese, but also forms its own diverse and expressive language characteristics. There are 23 consonants and 36 vowels in Liuba dialect. As a kind of important grammatical means, the word formation of Liuba dialect is very rich, and it has the function of "adjusting quantity" in addition to the formation of words and the difference of semantics. The suffix "Zi", attached to the common noun, can form a new word, and it means a small name. It expresses the current state of things after the combination of the overlapping structure of AA and some words, but it is used after some words with feelings such as disgust and disliking. The affixes "er" can form words in addition to the nouns, and they are opposites with "Zi" in pragmatics, expressing the color meaning of affection and kindness. The tracks of "Zi" and "er" in the history of Chinese vocabulary development are basically the same. However, due to the different time of occurrence, "er" complements "Zi" in language structure to a certain extent and takes over the function of "Zi" to a certain extent. The overlapping suffix BB of ABB adjectives in Liuba dialect forms a new word with the rhetorical means of description, metaphor, analogy, synaesthesia and root A, which is vivid and emotional, and enhances the expression effect of language. The verbs or adjectives in the self-sensing structure of the Liuba dialect form a new structure after being combined with the morpheme "person", and show a specific grammatical and semantic relationship, which evolves from the declarative object structure with causative meaning. It is the retention and refraction of the ancient Chinese verb structure in modern Chinese dialects.
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H17

【参考文献】