英汉味觉隐喻对比分析

发布时间：2018-06-01 17:43

本文选题：英汉味觉隐喻 + 认知　；参考：《曲阜师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：学界对隐喻的研究可以追溯到两千年前的亚里士多德时代。但是，语言学家对隐喻的研究最初主要把隐喻当作一种特有的语言现象，从修辞角度用来增强语言表达效果。自上个世纪八十年代开始，随着Lakoff和Johnson出版了《我们赖以生存的隐喻》以后，从认知角度对隐喻进行研究开始成为认知语言学的重要话题。认知语言学强调隐喻是一种认知方式，是“我们对抽象范围进行概念化的有力的认知工具”（UngererSchmid1996:114）。人类赖以生存的许多概念系统以及思维方式乃至行为方式本质上都是隐喻的(Lakoff andJohnson1980:3)。目前国内外认知语言学领域对具体的隐喻现象研究已经非常广泛，但对味觉隐喻的研究仍然较少，对英汉味觉隐喻进行系统对比还有待更多的探索和研究。味觉活动是人类日常生活中不可缺少的组成部分，因此与味觉相关的隐喻也成为人类认知世界的手段之一。基于这一背景，在前人研究的基础上，本文以英汉味觉隐喻为研究对象，基于语料对英汉味觉隐喻进行系统对比，系统考察了味觉行为及其功能、味觉器官以及味觉效果词等语料。本研究旨在探讨英汉味觉隐喻化的理论基础和认知特点，并着重研究分析味觉隐喻在英汉语两种语言中存在的共性和差异。通过对比研究发现，味觉隐喻在英汉两种语言中认知共性远大于差异性。原因在于人类认知模式的相似性和人们共同的身体体验，这种模式是在人与自然相互作用的过程中形成的，也印证了Lakoff等关于隐喻具有体验性的观点。另一方面，，由于文化等原因在具体映射过程中又表现出某些差异性。这主要体现在两个方面：源域相同，目标域有异；目标域相同，源域有异。本研究从认知与文化角度对上述异同的原因进行了解释。通过对味觉隐喻的分析研究，进一步证实了当代隐喻研究中概念隐喻的存在。本文支持隐喻的认知语言学观点，并证实了英汉两种语言的认知共性及文化差异性。本研究有助于更好地认识隐喻系统怎样对味觉范畴进行隐喻化，弥补了味觉隐喻领域研究的不足，对于更好更准确的翻译及促进文化交流都有积极的意义。
[Abstract]:The study of metaphor in academic circles can be traced back to the Aristotle era 2000 years ago. However, the study of metaphor by linguists initially focuses on metaphor as a special linguistic phenomenon, which is used to enhance the effect of language expression from a rhetorical point of view. Since the eighties of the last century, with the publication of metaphor by Lakoff and Johnson, the study of metaphor from a cognitive perspective has become an important topic in cognitive linguistics. Cognitive linguistics emphasizes metaphor as a cognitive way and a powerful cognitive tool for us to conceptualize abstract scope. Many of the conceptual systems and ways of thinking and even behavior on which human beings depend are essentially metaphorical ones, Lakoff and Johnson 1980: 3. At present, the research on the specific metaphor phenomenon in the field of cognitive linguistics at home and abroad has been very extensive, but the study of taste metaphor is still less, and the systematic comparison between English and Chinese taste metaphor needs more exploration and research. Taste activity is an indispensable part of human daily life, so metaphor related to taste has become one of the means of human cognition of the world. Based on this background, and on the basis of previous studies, this paper makes a systematic comparison of taste metaphors between English and Chinese on the basis of corpus, and systematically examines taste behaviors and their functions. Taste organs and taste effect words and other materials. The purpose of this study is to explore the theoretical basis and cognitive characteristics of taste metaphorization in English and Chinese, and to analyze the similarities and differences of taste metaphor between English and Chinese. A comparative study shows that the cognitive commonness of taste metaphor is much greater than the difference between English and Chinese. The reason lies in the similarity of human cognitive model and the common body experience, which is formed in the process of interaction between man and nature. It also confirms Lakoff's viewpoint that metaphor is experiential. On the other hand, because of culture and other reasons in the specific mapping process and show some differences. This is mainly reflected in two aspects: the source domain is the same, the target domain is different; the target domain is the same, and the source domain is different. The present study explains the reasons for these similarities and differences from the perspective of cognition and culture. Through the analysis and study of taste metaphor, the existence of conceptual metaphor in contemporary metaphorical studies is further confirmed. This paper supports the cognitive linguistic view of metaphor and confirms the cognitive commonalities and cultural differences between English and Chinese. This study is helpful to better understand how metaphorical systems metaphorize taste categories, make up for the deficiencies in the field of taste metaphor, and have positive significance for better and more accurate translation and cultural exchange.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H315;H15

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