《道德经》中“道化隐喻”的认知研究

发布时间：2018-06-05 07:39

本文选题：概念隐喻 + 《道德经》　；参考：《长沙理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：认知语言学的兴起，使得隐喻的研究发生了重大变化和发展。概念隐喻理论的提出，对隐喻的解读提供了一个全新的视角。隐喻，作为一种基本的认知工具，通过简单的、具体的概念来理解复杂的、抽象的概念，它在人类认识世界，改造世界的过程中具有重要的作用。隐喻在人类的语言中无处不在，在文学作品中更是数不胜数，如在老子的《道德经》中隐喻也比比皆是。《道德经》是中华文化的结晶，也是全人类共有的文化财富。全书围绕“道”这一哲学概念，阐述了世界万物的起源、存在方式、运动发展、社会矛盾和解决方法等。《道德经》虽篇幅短小，但内容丰富，两千多年来一直是读者索解不尽的智慧宝库。《道德经》中隐喻语料丰富，而以往的研究多局限在书名的来源及意义、编纂者、注释文本、英译研究、历史影响、应用价值等方面，从认知角度展开研究可谓凤毛麟角。本文将运用认知隐喻学的理论对《道德经》中的“道”化隐喻进行认知解读，探索“道”化隐喻的主要类别、认知机制和认知起源。文章发现，《道德经》中的各项隐喻大致可分为“道”的隐喻、“德”的隐喻、“无为”的隐喻和“辩证法”的隐喻四个类别，且每一个类别都有其最具代表性的隐喻。“道”的母、水隐喻；“德”的婴儿、山谷隐喻；“无为”的自然、人类隐喻；“辩证法”的命题和推理隐喻。在这四类隐喻中，以“道”的隐喻地位最高，其它三类都是围绕“道”这一中心思想而构建的，是对“道”隐喻的补充和扩展。文章指出，（1）在构建“道”化隐喻的认知过程中，，其映射方式主要表现有以下三种：发现或创造的相似点、某种具体的关系和自身的经验；（2）“道”化隐喻的认知来源分别是：自然界的物体、人们的日常生活和方位概念；（3）“道”化隐喻具有两个基本特征，女性化的隐喻和主阴的思想。（4）“道”化隐喻的认知本质就是“道”，而“道”就是一切。文章主张，运用概念隐喻理论解读老子《道德经》中的“道”化隐喻，不仅能够为此类隐喻的解读提供新的视角，而且还能够深化对“道”的思想的理解；从认知语言学的角度，对《道德经》中“道”的思想进行全方位的分析，既能丰富概念隐喻的研究内涵，又能促进道教思想在世界范围内的广泛传播。
[Abstract]:With the rise of cognitive linguistics, the study of metaphor has undergone great changes and developments. Conceptual metaphor theory provides a new perspective for the interpretation of metaphor. Metaphor, as a basic cognitive tool, uses simple and concrete concepts to understand complex and abstract concepts. It plays an important role in the process of human understanding and transformation of the world. Metaphors are ubiquitous in human language and numerous in literature, such as in Laozi's "the Book of morality". The Tao Jing is the crystallization of Chinese culture and the cultural wealth shared by all mankind. Around the philosophical concept of Tao, the book expounds the origin, mode of existence, movement development, social contradictions and solutions of all things in the world. For more than two thousand years, it has been an inexhaustible repository of wisdom for readers. There are abundant metaphorical materials in the Book of Ethics, but previous studies have been limited to the source and significance of the title, compilers, annotated texts, English translation studies, and historical influences. From the aspect of application value, it is rare to carry out the research from the perspective of cognition. This paper will use the cognitive metaphorical theory to interpret the "Tao" metaphor in the Book of morality, and to explore the main categories, cognitive mechanism and cognitive origin of the "Tao" metaphorical metaphor. It is found that the metaphors in the Book of morality can be roughly divided into four categories: "Tao" metaphor, "virtue" metaphor, "inaction" metaphor and "dialectical metaphor", and each category has its most representative metaphor. The mother of Tao, the metaphor of water; the baby of virtue, the metaphor of the valley; the metaphor of nature and man of inaction; the proposition of dialectics and the metaphor of reasoning. Among these four kinds of metaphors, Tao is the most important metaphor, while the other three are constructed around the central idea of Tao, which is a supplement and extension to Tao metaphor. The paper points out that in the cognitive process of constructing "Tao" metaphorical metaphor, there are three main ways of mapping: the similarities of discovery or creation. The cognitive sources of the metaphorization of Tao are: the objects of nature, the concepts of people's daily life and orientation, and the metaphorical metaphor of Tao has two basic characteristics. The cognitive essence of "Tao" metaphor is "Tao", and "Tao" is everything. The paper argues that the application of conceptual metaphor theory to the interpretation of Tao in Laozi's "Tao" can not only provide a new perspective for the interpretation of this kind of metaphor, but also deepen the understanding of "Tao". From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, an all-round analysis of the thought of Tao in the Book of morality can not only enrich the research connotation of conceptual metaphor, but also promote the wide spread of Taoist thought in the world.
【学位授予单位】：长沙理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H15;B223.1

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