湘潭市区餐饮行业普通话使用情况调查

发布时间：2018-06-11 11:13

本文选题：普通话 + 双语现象　；参考：《湘潭大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：语言的形式复杂多样，并反映着人们生活中的方方面面。语言的使用情况随着不同语言间的接触而产生变化。随着时代的变迁，经济不断的发展，人们间的交往越来越频繁，多种语言并存的现象普遍存在，双语或多语问题也越来越成为社会语言学家们关注的焦点。本研究以双语研究为指导，以98名湘潭市区30家不同档次餐馆的服务员为调查对象，对湘潭市区餐饮行业普通话使用情况以及餐饮行业人员对普通话的态度进行考察。调查员对被调查者的自然语言进行实地录音，，采用参与观察法和不参与观察法收集真实的自然的口语交际数据，对所取得的数据进行分布分析和多变量分析。并通过问卷调查调查了98名服务员对普通话的态度。最后借助Goldvarb X、Excel (2007)和SPSS(13.0)软件，用数理统计的方法对收集到的数据进行统计分析。研究发现，普通话和湘潭话是湘潭市区餐饮行业服务人员普遍使用的两种语言变体。从整体上看，尽管有超过一半的餐饮行业服务员在工作中大部分时间使用普通话，但是湘潭话在餐饮行业中同样保持着一定的活力。受到社会经济地位的影响，不同档次餐馆的服务员的普通话使用情况存在着显著的差异，高档餐馆的服务员普通话使用频率明显高于中低档餐馆的服务员；文化程度和亲疏关系是影响湘潭市区餐饮行业普通话使用情况最主要的社会因素，其次是年龄因素。服务员的受教育程度越高普通话使用频率就越高，同时服务员内部语言和外部语言的使用呈现出不同的语言表现形式；普通话的使用频率随着年龄的增长而降低；此外，被调查者对普通话具有开放和肯定的态度，认为普通话具有较强的社会影响力和使用价值，在一定程度上，说普通话能得到更高的社会认同。被调查者普遍认为在工作中使用普通话是非常有必要的。湘潭话是湘潭地区宝贵的财富，是湘潭文化的载体应该加以维持。然而，在城市化进程的推动下，湘潭地区人口流动日益频繁，双语现象也越来越明显。大力推广和普及普通话，规范餐饮行业的语言对餐饮行业的发展，社会的进步以及塑造整个城市的良好形象具有促进作用。
[Abstract]:The form of language is complex and diverse, and reflects all aspects of people's life. Language usage varies with contact between different languages. With the change of times and the development of economy, the communication between people is becoming more and more frequent, and the coexistence of many languages is common. Bilingualism or multilingualism has also become the focus of social linguists. This study was conducted under the guidance of a bilingual study of 98 waiters in 30 different restaurants in Xiangtan. The use of Putonghua in the catering industry in Xiangtan city and the attitude of the catering industry personnel to Putonghua were investigated. The investigators recorded the natural language of the respondents on the spot, collected the real natural oral communication data by the methods of participating observation and non-participation observation, and analyzed the distribution and multivariate analysis of the obtained data. The attitude of 98 waiters to Putonghua was investigated by questionnaire. Finally, with the help of Goldvarb XPU Excel 2007) and SPSS 13.0), the collected data were statistically analyzed by means of mathematical statistics. The study found that Mandarin and Xiangtan dialect are two commonly used language variants for catering service personnel in Xiangtan urban area. Overall, although more than half of catering industry waiters use Mandarin for most of their work, Xiangtan dialect also maintains a certain vitality in the catering industry. Under the influence of social and economic status, there are significant differences in the use of Putonghua among the waiters in different grades of restaurants, and the frequency of using Putonghua among the waiters in high-grade restaurants is obviously higher than that of waiters in middle-and low-grade restaurants. Education level and closeness are the most important social factors affecting the use of Putonghua in the catering industry in Xiangtan City, followed by the age factor. The higher the educational level of the waiter, the higher the frequency of using Putonghua, and at the same time, the use of internal and external languages of waiters presents different forms of language expression; the frequency of using Putonghua decreases with the increase of age; in addition, The respondents have an open and positive attitude towards Putonghua, and think that Putonghua has a strong social influence and use value, to a certain extent, Putonghua can get a higher social identity. It is generally believed that it is very necessary to use Putonghua at work. Xiangtan dialect is the precious wealth of Xiangtan area and the carrier of Xiangtan culture should be maintained. However, under the impetus of urbanization, population mobility in Xiangtan area is becoming more and more frequent and bilingualism is becoming more and more obvious. Popularizing and popularizing Putonghua and standardizing the language of catering industry can promote the development of catering industry, the progress of society and the shaping of the good image of the whole city.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H102

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