英汉经济隐喻对比：一项认知研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 16:31

本文选题：对比研究 + 基于语料库　；参考：《山东大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：隐喻研究自亚里士多德以来已经有数千年的历史,而传统的隐喻研究只是把隐喻看做一种修辞手段。Lakoff和Johnson (1980)的著作《我们赖以生存的隐喻》的出版标志着隐喻的研究走出传统视角的窠臼,进入认知语言学研究领域。认知隐喻理论认为隐喻不仅仅是一种修辞手段,它更是人类的一种基本的思维方式和行为方式,是语言中普遍存在的现象。目前,学者们对隐喻的研究已经扩展到多个领域,尤其是经济隐喻的应用研究吸引了越来越多学者的关注。但是在对隐喻的研究中,隐喻识别和隐喻概念映射的确定大多数都依赖研究者的主观判断,缺少客观的手段。此外,研究语料大多来自某些报纸杂志,有失全面性。本文中运用认知语言学中的概念隐喻理论,选取当代美国语料库和兰开斯特大学汉语语料库中的关于“经济”的语料为研究对象。隐喻语言识别采用Pragglejaz团队所开发的隐喻识别程序(MIP),概念隐喻识别则采用词汇网络(WordNet)和建议上层共用知识本体(SUMO)的方法,试图总结出在当代美国语料库和兰开斯特大学汉语语料库这两个语料库中,英汉两种语言有关经济隐喻表达的常见的概念隐喻,以及进一步探究英汉两种语言在经济隐喻表达上的共性和差异。通过对语料进行分析总结发现,“经济是人、经济是建筑、经济是旅程、经济是交通工具、经济是战争”均被广泛应用在英语和汉语表达中。另外,“经济是水、经济是容器”出现在英语语料中,但并未在汉语语料中找到相应隐喻概念；反之,“经济是植物”出现在汉语语料中,但英语语料中也未发现相应概念。这进一步支持了莱克夫关于隐喻的普遍性理论,同时表明英汉两种语言在经济隐喻表达上既有共性也有差异。这种共性源于人类相同的身体经验。但是由于英汉两种语言存在两种不同的文化认知模式,导致隐喻差异的出现。这进一步证实了隐喻源于人类的体验认知,同时受文化制约的观点。
[Abstract]:The study of metaphor has a history of thousands of years since Aristotle. The traditional study of metaphor only regards metaphor as a rhetorical device. Lakoff and Johnson 1980) the publication of metaphor for our Survival indicates that the study of metaphor has gone out of the traditional perspective and entered the field of cognitive linguistics. Cognitive metaphor theory holds that metaphor is not only a rhetorical device, but also a basic way of thinking and behavior of human beings. It is a common phenomenon in language. At present, the research on metaphor has been extended to many fields, especially the application of economic metaphor has attracted more and more scholars' attention. However, in the study of metaphor, the identification of metaphor and the determination of metaphorical conceptual mapping mostly depend on the subjective judgment of researchers and lack of objective means. In addition, most of the research materials come from some newspapers and magazines, which are not comprehensive. Using the conceptual metaphor theory in cognitive linguistics, this paper selects the contemporary American corpus and Lancaster University Chinese corpus as the research object. The metaphorical language recognition adopts the metaphor recognition program developed by Pragglejaz team, while the conceptual metaphor recognition adopts the method of vocabulary network WordNet and the suggestion that the upper layer share knowledge ontology (Sumo). This paper attempts to summarize the common conceptual metaphors of economic metaphors in both English and Chinese in the contemporary American Corpus and Lancaster University Chinese Corpus. And further explore the similarities and differences between English and Chinese in the expression of economic metaphors. Through the analysis of the corpus, it is found that "economy is man, economy is architecture, economy is journey, economy is means of transportation, and economy is war" has been widely used in English and Chinese expressions. In addition, "economy is water, economy is container" appears in English corpus, but does not find the corresponding metaphorical concept in Chinese corpus; conversely, "economy is a plant" appears in Chinese corpus, but the corresponding concept is not found in English corpus. This further supports Leckoff's theory of universality of metaphor and shows that both English and Chinese have both similarities and differences in the expression of economic metaphor. This commonality stems from the same human body experience. However, due to the existence of two different cultural cognitive models in English and Chinese, there are differences in metaphor. This further confirms the view that metaphor originates from human experiential cognition and is also restricted by culture.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H15;H315

【参考文献】