基于欧美汉语学习者汉字书写偏误分析的汉字教学研究

发布时间：2018-06-19 18:28

本文选题：汉字书写偏误 + 欧美学习者　；参考：《云南大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：“汉字难写”一直是留学生,特别是欧美国家留学生所苦恼的问题；“汉字难教”或者说“很难帮学生记忆汉字”也一直是教师思考的问题。笔者通过对深圳大学国际交流学院2012年秋季学期入门级、初级和中级水平欧美学习者汉字书写偏误的调查,发现不同阶段学习者的汉字书写偏误呈现出不同的特点。入门级学习者的书写偏误以笔画类为主,初级水平学习者的书写偏误主要表现为对部件的区分能力和部件间结构意识不强,到中级阶段则出现较多的整字偏误。笔者从学习策略、学习动机、练习强度、教师教学等角度对不同水平阶段的学习者出现不同的书写偏误的原因逐一进行了分析,归纳出的原因包括欧美学习者将汉字当成图画来记忆,没有建立起适合汉字学习的视觉记忆能力,快速辨认汉字的能力较差,对基本笔画的知识掌握较弱,没有建立起笔画、笔顺的概念,对汉字理据性的分析能力较弱,结构意识不强,部件区分能力较弱,音形义结合能力较弱,练习强度不够,学习动机以、教学方法及教材的影响等。本文根据每种偏误产生的原因,提出了自己的教学建议,以期对症下药,如按照汉字习得顺序组织汉字教学,介绍汉字理据性时适时适当融入文化的内容,以提高汉字教学的趣味性,定期用归纳法总结含有同一偏旁的汉字,将汉字教学融入词汇、句子直至篇章教学中等。笔者希望这些不成熟观点成为对外汉语汉字教学研究上的引玉之石,期待更多研究和实践成果的出现最终提高汉字教学水平和学生汉字书写质量。
[Abstract]:"Chinese characters are difficult to write" has always been a problem for foreign students, especially in Europe and the United States, and "it is difficult to teach Chinese characters" or "it is difficult to help students to remember Chinese characters" is always a problem for teachers to think about. Based on the investigation of the Chinese character writing errors of the European and American learners at the primary, primary and intermediate levels in the fall 2012 semester of Shenzhen University, it is found that the Chinese character writing errors of the learners at different stages show different characteristics. The main writing errors of entry-level learners are stroke. The primary level learners' writing errors mainly show that the ability of distinguishing parts and the awareness of structure between parts are not strong, and at the intermediate stage, there are more errors in the whole word. The author analyzes the causes of different writing errors at different levels from the perspective of learning strategies, learning motivation, exercise intensity and teachers' teaching. The reasons include the European and American learners' memory of Chinese characters as pictures, the lack of visual memory for learning Chinese characters, the poor ability to recognize Chinese characters quickly, the weak knowledge of basic strokes, and the absence of strokes. The concept of stroke order is weak in analyzing the motivation of Chinese characters, weak in structural consciousness, weak in distinguishing parts, weak in combination of sound, shape and meaning, insufficient in exercise intensity, in the influence of learning motivation, teaching methods and teaching materials, and so on. According to the causes of each error, this paper puts forward some teaching suggestions in order to solve the problem, such as organizing the teaching of Chinese characters according to the order of Chinese character acquisition, introducing the content of Chinese characters' motivation and integrating culture properly. In order to improve the interest of the teaching of Chinese characters, the inductive method is used to summarize the Chinese characters with the same side, and the teaching of Chinese characters is integrated into the vocabulary, sentences and even text teaching and so on. The author hopes that these immature views will become a stone to attract jade in the teaching of Chinese characters as a foreign language, and hope that more research and practical results will eventually improve the teaching level of Chinese characters and the quality of students' writing of Chinese characters.
【学位授予单位】：云南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

【参考文献】