批评话语分析的认知语言学研究：基于中美关于“脱北者”问题的对比性研究

发布时间：2018-06-24 15:28

  本文选题：批评话语分析 + 认知语言学　； 参考：《西安外国语大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为当今语言学流派中发展迅速的两个流派，认知语言学和批评话语分析都产生于二十世纪七十年代末，并逐步发展成为当今相当有影响力的语言学研究范式。批评话语分析是应用语言学特有的一个分支，相关的研究学者有Fowler,Fairclough, van Dijk和Wodak等。批评话语分析研究意识形态，身份及不平等性是如何通过语篇来表现的，，它是语篇分析的一种研究方法。在批评话语分析中，意识形态是建立和维持不平等权力关系的重要手段。由于我们每个人的经历有限，我们对特定社会及政治现实的认知形成，并将其社会化的过程都是通过语篇，而非直接的感知和互动。 批评话语分析传统上采用的是韩礼德的系统功能语法(1985)，这一理论主要关注社会结构中的语言功能，忽略了语言使用的主观认知。批评话语分析研究主要是揭示话语和句子是如何表现出意识形态的推理性实践。而认知语言学主要研究话语和句子是如何通过概念隐喻，心理空间，概念整合网络来表达我们的思想。批评话语分析和认知语言学在这一点上是一致的。而认知语言学本身是语言分析的一种框架，它可以为批评话语分析提供新的研究框架，来识别和分析语篇中所操纵的语言和心理策略。 批评话语分析的研究对象主要是大众语篇。批评话语分析当中，语言不再如其它语言学派所宣称的那样，是一种客观透明的传播媒介，而是一种社会过程的介入力量。也就是说，语篇的使用是带有某种目的性的。在批评话语分析当中，确实有特定的策略可以用来实现语篇当中的目的，尤其是政治语篇。本文中所提及的两种策略都可以通过隐喻的使用来实现。而隐喻之前被主流的批评话语分析所忽视。本文将批评话语分析与隐喻结合，增强这一研究的系统性。 应用新的分析框架，本文选取了中美两国对于“脱北者”问题的相关报道，并对它们进行了详细的批评性研究分析。通过对语篇的分析，揭示了中美两国报道中所隐含的意识形态。即使是对于同一个事件的报道，由于两国的立场不同，所以体现出来的认识与态度完全不同。
[Abstract]:Cognitive linguistics and critical discourse analysis, two of the rapidly developing schools of linguistics, emerged in the late 1970s and gradually developed into influential linguistic research paradigms. Critical discourse analysis (CDA) is a branch of applied linguistics. Relevant scholars include Fowler Faircloud, van Dijk and Wodak. Critical discourse analysis, which studies how ideology, identity and inequality are expressed by discourse, is a research method of discourse analysis. In critical discourse analysis, ideology is an important means to establish and maintain unequal power relations. Due to the limited experience of each of us, our cognition of specific social and political realities is formed and socialized through discourse rather than direct perception and interaction. Halliday's systemic functional Grammar (1985) is traditionally adopted in critical discourse analysis. This theory focuses on the linguistic function in the social structure and neglects the subjective cognition of language use. The research of critical discourse analysis is mainly to reveal how words and sentences show the rational practice of ideology. Cognitive linguistics mainly studies how words and sentences express our thoughts through conceptual metaphor, mental space and conceptual integration network. Critical discourse analysis and cognitive linguistics are consistent on this point. Cognitive linguistics itself is a framework for language analysis, which can provide a new research framework for critical discourse analysis to identify and analyze linguistic and psychological strategies manipulated in discourse. The research object of critical discourse analysis is mainly popular discourse. In critical discourse analysis, language is no longer an objective and transparent medium as claimed by other linguistic schools, but a force of intervention in social processes. That is to say, the use of text is purposeful. In critical discourse analysis, there are certain strategies that can be used to achieve the purpose of discourse, especially political discourse. The two strategies mentioned in this paper can be implemented through the use of metaphor. Metaphor is ignored by the mainstream critical discourse analysis. This paper combines critical discourse analysis with metaphor to enhance the systematization of this study. Using the new analytical framework, this paper selects the relevant reports on the issue of "defectors" in China and the United States, and makes a detailed critical analysis of them. Through the analysis of the discourse, it reveals the ideology implied in the reports of China and the United States. Even reports of the same incident, because the two countries have different positions, so reflect a completely different understanding and attitude.
【学位授予单位】：西安外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H05


本文编号：2061986