纳西东巴文文字单位与语言单位对应关系演变研究

发布时间：2018-07-31 07:37

【摘要】：纳西东巴文是我国纳西族民间宗教人士东巴使用的一种书写符号,主要用于书写宗教祭辞和仪式。东巴文保留了丰富的早期文字现象,是目前仍在使用着的一种活态文字,且东巴文的发展演变没有经过人为干扰,能客观真实地反映文字在记录语言过程中缓慢发展的历时状态。这对研究人类文字的形成与发展有着巨大的价值。本文在已有研究的基础上,全面以文献原典所提供的材料为依据,从文字单位与语言单位对应关系的角度,去探寻东巴文字符的发展轨迹和演变规律。本文共八章,第一章为绪论,第二、三章为理论准备章,第四至七章为本文研究的重点,第八章为结论。第一章“绪论”。首先交代选题缘由及研究的目的与意义；其次对本文研究所涉及到的相关研究进行了较为全面的综述；然后介绍了研究思路、研究方法和研究步骤；最后对研究材料以及相关引文格式作了说明。第二章“东巴文文字单位及其演变序列的考察”。首先,梳理并评述东巴文文字单位已有研究状况,分析了东巴文文字单位研究存在的不足,进一步提出本文研究的设想；其次,在以往对文献断代的尝试性研究基础上,探索了考察东巴文字符演变序列的方法；然后,通过总结考察字符演变序列的方法,对研究材料进行恰当的选择,并整理出本文所涉及到的主要文献材料的基本信息。第三章“东巴文文字单位与所对应语言单位关系概述”。该章分别举例阐述了单字、准合文、合文这三种文字单位与所对应语言单位之间的关系,为后面各章论述文字单位与语言单位对应关系演变作好铺垫。第四章“东巴文文字单位由对应语段向对应语词的发展变化”。首先,论述了东巴文文字单位所使用的表意符号由对应语段向对应语词变化的过程中需要经过整合以进行自我调整；其次,重新探讨了语境异体字的实质,推论出这一结论：语境异体字实际上是部分东巴文由对应语段向对应语词发展过程中的产物,是对应语段表意符号进化不彻底的结果；然后,阐述了假借在东巴文文字单位由对应语段向对应语词演变过程中的重要职能和作用。第五章“东巴文合文的形成及发展趋势”。尤其对合文的形成原因有了更加全面深入的认识和了解,论证了合文是因文字内部记录语言单位发展的需要和文字外部语篇书写环境的影响所造成的。第六章“东巴文单字的定型”。东巴文表示语词的单字符号要实现定型,不仅要定量,而且要定形。单字定型化的发展主要体现在五大方面：一是单字符号的类化,二是形近字混用,三是产生同形字,四是假借符号的定型,五是单字定型的外化标志。第七章“东巴文表音化的发展趋势”。该章从附加音补的普遍性、假借的大量使用和特殊记音方式的使用等三个方面较为系统地论述了东巴文表音化的发展趋势。可以看出,东巴文的发展不仅仅局限于表示语词,还要追求对语音记录的准确性。第八章“结束语”。首先归纳并阐释了本文所使用的文字学术语,并且对文字单位与文字符号、准合文与会意字,意音结构与形声字这三组重要术语的区别与联系进行了归纳总结,最后归纳并总结了全文的主要观点。附录为“东巴文用例分域整理表”。本文创新之处主要体现在以下几点：1.全面大量地使用第一手文献材料,改变了以往习惯于大量使用字词典等二手材料的做法。2.突破了从结构去分析东巴文的传统,选取从文字单位与语言单位对应关系变化的研究视角,对东巴文发展演变进行历时考察。3.尝试全面系统地总结了从文献的绝对时间先后和相对时间先后去考察东巴文字符演变序列的判定方法。4.重新分析了几组文字学术语,尤其区分了文字单位与文字符号、准合文与会意字、形声字与意音结构等三组术语,对东巴文合文提出了新的判定标准。5.对东巴文发展过程中的诸多文字现象进行了比以往研究更为深入细致的理论分析,如语境异体字、双声符、音补、形近字混用、同形字等理论问题。6.尝试系统论证了各文字单位之间的联系性。如东巴文在表意方式下对应语段的包蕴式文字单位(包括包蕴式单字和准合文)通过整合的方式发展为对应语词的单字、准合文发展为合文、合文发展为单字。7.实现了首次对东巴文表音化的发展趋势的系统认知。从音补和纯假借符号的普遍使用,到过度表音的双声符和对表音方式加以灵活运用而产生的反切现象,它们都体现出东巴文表音化的倾向渐趋明显。
[Abstract]:Naxi Dongba is a writing symbol used by the Naxi folk religions in Dongba, mainly used to write religious ceremonies and ceremonies. East BA Wen retained a rich early text phenomenon, which is still in use at present, and the development and evolution of East BA Wen is not disturbed and can objectively and realistically reflect the text. The diachronic state of slow development in the process of recording language is of great value to the study of the formation and development of human characters.
On the basis of the existing research, this paper, based on the materials provided by the original literature, explores the development path and evolution of the eastern paw characters from the perspective of the correspondence between the literal units and the language units.
This paper consists of eight chapters, the first chapter is the introduction, the second and the third chapters are the theoretical preparation, the fourth to the seventh chapters are the focus of this paper, and the eighth chapter is the conclusion.
The first chapter is "Introduction". First, it explains the reasons for the topic and the purpose and significance of the research; secondly, it gives a comprehensive overview of the related research involved in this study, and then introduces the research ideas, research methods and research steps; finally, it explains the research materials and the related citation format.
The second chapter, "the study of the East BA language unit and its evolution sequence". First, combing and reviewing the existing research status of the eastern Pakistan language unit, analyzing the shortcomings of the study of the East BA language unit, and further putting forward the tentative idea of this study. Secondly, on the basis of the previous research on the tentative study of the literature fault generation, we explored the study of Dongba. The method of the evolution sequence of the characters of the character character; then, by summarizing the method of the character evolution sequence, a proper selection of the research materials is made and the basic information of the main documents involved in this article is sorted out.
The third chapter, "an overview of the relationship between the East BA language unit and the corresponding language unit". This chapter illustrates the relationship between the three units and the corresponding language units of the single word, the quasi correspondence and the combined text, and discusses the changes in the corresponding relationship between the text units and the language units in the following chapters.
The fourth chapter, "the development and change of the eastern Ba language unit from the corresponding segment to the corresponding word". First, it is discussed that the ideographic symbols used by the East BA language unit should be integrated in the course of the change from the corresponding segment to the corresponding words. Secondly, the essence of the contextual variant is re explored, and the conclusion is deduced. In fact, the context variant is actually the product of the development of some Eastern Ba language from the corresponding segment to the corresponding word. It is the result of the incomplete evolution of the ideographic symbol in the corresponding segment. Then, it expounds the important function and function of the loan in the evolution process of the Dongba text unit from the corresponding segment to the corresponding word.
The fifth chapter, "the formation and development trend of the East BA Wen", especially has a more comprehensive understanding and understanding of the causes of the formation of the article, and demonstrates that the article is caused by the need for the development of the language units in the text and the influence of the writing environment of the text.
The sixth chapter is "the stereotype of Dongba language single word". The single word symbol in East BA Wen should not only be quantified, but also have to be fixed. The development of single word stereotyping is mainly embodied in five aspects: one is the classification of single word symbols, the two is the mixed use of the form and the word, the three is the form of the same type, the four is the type of the false sign, and the five is the single word stereotype. Externalization marks.
The seventh chapter "the development trend of the East BA language". This chapter systematically expounds the development trend of the East BA language phonograph from the three aspects of the universality of the supplementary tone complement, the large use of the loan and the use of the special recording mode. It can be seen that the development of East Ba Wen is not only limited to the expression of words, but also to the voice record. Accuracy.
The eighth chapter "terminus". First, it summarizes and interprets the literal terminology used in this article, and sums up the differences and connections between the three groups of important terms such as the unit and character symbol, the para and the meaning words, the meaning tone structure and the form sound character. Finally, the main points of the full text are summed up and summed up.
The appendix is "the East BA language use case classification table".
The innovation of this article is mainly embodied in the following points: 1. the use of first-hand literature materials in a comprehensive and large amount, and the change of the practice used to use the second hand materials such as a large number of Lexicographic dictionaries in the past,.2. breaks through the structure of the analysis of the tradition of the East BA Wen from the structure, and selects the perspective of the study of the relationship change from the word unit and the language unit to the development of the East BA language. .3. attempts a comprehensive and systematic review of the determination of the evolution sequence of the eastern Pakistan characters from the absolute time and relative time of the literature..4. reanalyzes several sets of literal terms, especially three groups of words and characters, Paran and synoptic characters, phonetic characters and meaning sounds. In terms of the term, a new criterion for the eastern Ba language is put forward by.5., which is more detailed and detailed than the previous research on many characters in the process of the development of Dongba language, such as the contextual variant, the double character, the sound complement, the mixing of the form and the word, the homomorphic character, and the connection between the various text units. In the form of expressive style, Dongba language develops into a single word of the corresponding word in the form of an integrated text unit (including the inclusion type and the quasi correspondence) in the form of the corresponding language, and the quasi coincidence is developed into an essay. The combination of the text is developed into a single word.7. for the first time to realize the systematic cognition of the trend of the development of the East BA language. The anti tangential phenomenon of the use of the double notes and the flexible use of the form of the phonograph shows that the tendencies of the East BA language are becoming more and more obvious.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H257

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